{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff0\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1044\deflangfe2052\themelang1044\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f1\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604020202020204}Arial;}
{\f2\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1{\*\panose 02070309020205020404}Courier New;}{\f3\fbidi \froman\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05050102010706020507}Symbol;}{\f10\fbidi \fnil\fcharset2\fprq2{\*\panose 05000000000000000000}Wingdings;}
{\f13\fbidi \fnil\fcharset134\fprq2{\*\panose 02010600030101010101}SimSun{\*\falt ??\'a8\'ac?};}{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;}{\f38\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020b0604030504040204}Tahoma;}
{\f39\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040602050305030304}Book Antiqua;}{\f40\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040502050505030304}Palatino Linotype{\*\falt Palatino};}
{\f52\fbidi \fnil\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times;}{\f53\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Palatino{\*\falt Book Antiqua};}{\f118\fbidi \fnil\fcharset134\fprq2{\*\panose 02010600030101010101}@SimSun;}
{\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}
{\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f308\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\f309\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f311\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f312\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f313\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\f314\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f315\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f316\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f318\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial CE;}
{\f319\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Cyr;}{\f321\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Greek;}{\f322\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Tur;}{\f323\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial (Hebrew);}
{\f324\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial (Arabic);}{\f325\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Baltic;}{\f326\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial (Vietnamese);}{\f328\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Courier New CE;}
{\f329\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;}{\f331\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f332\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f333\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}
{\f334\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset178\fprq1 Courier New (Arabic);}{\f335\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f336\fbidi \fmodern\fcharset163\fprq1 Courier New (Vietnamese);}
{\f440\fbidi \fnil\fcharset0\fprq2 SimSun Western{\*\falt ??\'a8\'ac?};}{\f648\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;}{\f649\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f651\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}
{\f652\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f655\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;}{\f656\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria Math (Vietnamese);}{\f688\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}
{\f689\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}{\f691\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}{\f692\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f693\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);}
{\f694\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);}{\f695\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}{\f696\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f697\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}
{\f698\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Book Antiqua CE;}{\f699\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Book Antiqua Cyr;}{\f701\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Book Antiqua Greek;}{\f702\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Book Antiqua Tur;}
{\f705\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Book Antiqua Baltic;}{\f708\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Palatino Linotype CE{\*\falt Palatino};}{\f709\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Cyr{\*\falt Palatino};}
{\f711\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Greek{\*\falt Palatino};}{\f712\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Tur{\*\falt Palatino};}{\f715\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Baltic{\*\falt Palatino};}
{\f716\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Palatino Linotype (Vietnamese){\*\falt Palatino};}{\f1490\fbidi \fnil\fcharset0\fprq2 @SimSun Western;}{\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;}{\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}
{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;}{\fhimajor\f31536\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Cambria (Vietnamese);}{\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}
{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}
{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}
{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}
{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}
{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}
{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;}
{\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fhiminor\f31576\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Calibri (Vietnamese);}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}
{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}
{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}
{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;
\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\*\defchp }{\*\defpap
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \snext20 \sqformat \spriority0 \styrsid2973593 Normal;}{\s1\ql \fi-360\li360\ri0\sb240\nowidctlpar
\jclisttab\tx360\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink15 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid1596099 heading 1;}{\s2\ql \fi-431\li431\ri0\sb120\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx574\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin431\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink16 \sqformat \spriority9 \styrsid1596099 heading 2;}{
\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink17 \sqformat \spriority9 heading 3;}{\s4\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel3\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\i\fs20\lang1044\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1044\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink18 \sqformat \spriority9 heading 4;}{
\s5\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel4\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\i\fs20\lang1044\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1044\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink19 \sqformat \spriority9 heading 5;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\*
\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tblind0\tblindtype3\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1044\langfe2052\cgrid\langnp1044\langfenp2052 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused Normal Table;}{\*\cs15 \additive
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon10 \slink1 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid6046800 Heading 1 Char;}{\*\cs16 \additive \rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon10 \slink2 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid3229207 Heading 2 Char;}{\*\cs17 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs24\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon10 \slink3 \slocked \spriority9 \styrsid12738250 Heading 3 Char;}{\*\cs18 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af31507\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs28\lang1033\langfe0\kerning2\loch\f31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\langnp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink4 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 Heading 4 Char;}{\*\cs19 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af31507\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\i\fs26\lang1033\langfe0\kerning2\loch\f31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\langnp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink5 \slocked \ssemihidden \spriority9 Heading 5 Char;}{\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \slink21 \styrsid2973593 Normal Indent;}{\*\cs21 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon10 \slink20 \slocked \spriority0 \styrsid2973593 Normal Indent Char;}{\s22\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar
\tqc\tx4819\tqr\tx9071\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext22 \slink23
header;}{\*\cs23 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe0\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\langnp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink22 \slocked \ssemihidden Header Char;}{
\s24\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \cbpat9 \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f38\hich\af38\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052
\sbasedon0 \snext24 \slink25 \ssemihidden Document Map;}{\*\cs25 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af38\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang1033\langfe0\kerning2\loch\f38\hich\af38\dbch\af13\langnp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink24 \slocked \ssemihidden Document Map Char;}{
\s26\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tqc\tx4536\tqr\tx9072\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052
\sbasedon0 \snext26 \slink27 footer;}{\*\cs27 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon10 \slink26 \slocked \styrsid1274221 Footer Char;}{
\s28\qc \li0\ri0\sb240\sa60\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs36\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning28\loch\f40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext28 \slink29 \sqformat \spriority10 \styrsid7738553 Title;}{\*\cs29 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af1\afs32\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning28\loch\f40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon10 \slink28 \slocked \spriority10 \styrsid273909 Title Char;}{\s30\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \sautoupd \ssemihidden \spriority39 \styrsid6899760 toc 1;}{
\s31\ql \li280\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin280\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052
\sbasedon0 \snext0 \sautoupd \ssemihidden \spriority39 \styrsid6899760 toc 2;}{\s32\ql \li560\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin560\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext0 \sautoupd \ssemihidden \spriority39 \styrsid6899760 toc 3;}{\*\cs33 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\cf2
\sbasedon10 \styrsid6899760 Hyperlink;}{\s34\ql \li1440\ri1440\sb100\sa120\sbauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
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\fs24\cf1\lang1044\langfe1044\cgrid\langnp1044\langfenp1044 \snext36 \spriority0 \styrsid1399639 Default;}{\*\cs37 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super \sbasedon10 \ssemihidden \styrsid1590995 endnote reference;}{
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Note Heading;}{\*\cs39 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe0\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\langnp1033 \sbasedon10 \slink38 \slocked \ssemihidden Note Heading Char;}{\*\cs40 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
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\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 \sbasedon0 \snext41 \slink42 \ssemihidden \styrsid15867352 footnote text;}{\*\cs42 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
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Balloon Text Char;}{\*\cs46 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\langfenp1033 \sbasedon36 \slink35 \slocked \spriority0 \styrsid16153468 Endnote Text Char;}{\s47\ql \li0\ri0\sa240\widctlpar
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\f2\fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext47 \slink48 \styrsid1274221 HTML Preformatted;}{\*\cs48 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af2 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe0\kerning2\loch\f2\hich\af2\dbch\af13\langnp1033
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\f52\fs20\lang1031\langfe1025\cgrid\langnp1031\langfenp1025 \sbasedon0 \snext49 \slink50 \styrsid1274221 Body Text;}{\*\cs50 \additive \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe0\kerning2\loch\f39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\langnp1033
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_______________________________________________________________________________
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid8206485 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Methods of}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid14904687\charrsid2973593 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Phi\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 losophical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid8206485 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Research}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid14904687\charrsid2973593 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 on Human R}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs28\insrsid4090528\charrsid2973593 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ig}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0
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\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid13567793\charrsid13567793 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid13567793 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Fons }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\kerning0\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid13567793\charrsid13567793 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Coomans, Menno Kamminga and Fred Grunfeld}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf1\lang2057\langfe1044\kerning0\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid13567793\charrsid13567793 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , eds. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\lang2057\langfe1044\kerning0\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid13567793\charrsid13567793 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Methods of Human Rights Research }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe1044\kerning0\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid13567793\charrsid13567793 {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname City}}\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Antwerp{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}: Intersentia 2009
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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8806326 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Abstract:
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8806326 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The author holds that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20
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\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4090528\charrsid10057538 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 nique philosophical method for good philosop\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 hical work on issues of human rights.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid10057538 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 To the contrary, the same method should govern such resear}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ch as other philosophical work: the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid10057538 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 method of 'reflective}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 equilibrium'}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid10057538 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 which seeks the mutual accommodation of moral judgments at various levels of generality t\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 o arrive at a consistent theory.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6101468 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid10057538 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
One of the central philosophical topics - and one which also seems to create confusion among philosophers and other scholars alike - concerns the appropriate relationship between international, legally binding human rights\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
norms and 'moral' or philosophical human rights. One source of confusion is that they both serve as critical standards for, or constraints on, domestic legislation. For this reason they sometimes seem to be conflated. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The article considers two prominent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid10057538 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 r\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ecent attempts at addres}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 sing or using that relationship: those o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
f Amartya Sen and Charles Beitz, and uses the method of Reflective Equilibrium to indicate some of their strengths and weaknesses.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 1. Introduction
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6101468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Human rights raise several profound philosoph\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ical issues, of justification, content and institutional implications.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid9711690 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9711690 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid4653741
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Andreas Follesdal, Professor and Director of Research, Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, University of {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname City}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Oslo
{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}.
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 This ch}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 apter was first presented at the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Conference on Methods of Human Rights Research, {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname City}}\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
University of Maastricht{\*\xmlclose}, {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname country-region}}\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Netherlands{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose}
, November 23-24, 2007. I am grateful for comments from the participants at that occasion, and from the editors.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 One of these is how we are to best\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
conceive of the relationship }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8260088 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 between }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid8206485 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 philosophical}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8260088 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid8206485 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
legal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 understandings of human rights. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 conceptions of human rights are often argued on the basis of moral premises of human dignity and the sanctity of life, while }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid3807539 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 legal
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 conceptions of hu\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 man rights appeal to a variety of domestic constitutions and international conventions.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8260088 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8260088
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Their interrelation has occasioned much scholarly attention, for many reasons. One concern is what David Forsythe notes in this volume [reference to be added]: Is the\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 re a risk that we pay too much attention to }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid8260088 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 legal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and other institutional forms of human rights, given that they are at most }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid3807539 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 means}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
to respect, protect and promote human dignity and social justice, somehow conceived? This question is particularly pertinent \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 given two major challenges to human rights research.
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 On the one hand, there is a marked absence of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid6101468 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 internal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
critical challenges to legal human rights among many human rights scholars. One reason is that these scholars are \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 normative\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 in one important sen\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
se: they are activists at heart, and these proclivities may dull an appropriately skeptical attitude toward the best case for human rights institutions. This sense of \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 normative\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
is importantly different from that of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid9856799 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 normative}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 political philosophy, within
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 which discipline this article contributes. Many human rights scholars pursue research }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid5064385 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
aimed at promoting certain desired norms or values}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , namely human rights. There is then a risk that the research agenda is that of a solution \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39
more legal human rights - i\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n search of problems. If this description holds true, we should expect certain weaknesses, such as the bias against problems that the preferred solution cannot address.
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Much philosophy of human rights is also normative, but in a different sense. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10427452 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Normativ\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 e p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 hilosophical research aims to help ascertain the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid14246563 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 justifiability}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of various norms and values. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10427452 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
The research method of Reflective Equilibrium is a process where we start with our empirical and normative \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 considered judgments\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 at different levels of general\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ity, and modify or reject some of them, add new ones, in order to secure consistency, coherence, credibility, and simplicity aimed at obtaining a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid10427452\charrsid10427452 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 theory}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10427452 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 for that issue are. I explore this p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 hilosophical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10427452
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 research }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 method in section 4.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14246563 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid14246563
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The other challenge st\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ems from the growing skepticism among }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid6101468 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 external }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
critics, exactly about the efficiency and efficacy of such legal human rights. David Kennedy is perhaps among the most pointed critics, when he recently claimed that
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s34\ql \li1440\ri1440\sb100\sa120\sbauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid6101468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang2057\langfe1044\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1044 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af13\insrsid482804\charrsid6101468 \hich\af0\dbch\af13\loch\f0 The legal regime of 'human rights,' taken \hich\af0\dbch\af13\loch\f0
as a whole, does more to produce and excuse violations than to prevent an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 d remedy them (Kennedy 2004, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \dbch\af13\insrsid482804\charrsid6101468 \hich\af0\dbch\af13\loch\f0 2}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 4)
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li2\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2\itap0\pararsid10761376 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
If indeed critics are correct that legal human rights are poor means to promote philosophical rights, at least two strategies are open. We may agree w\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ith David Kennedy, to reconsider whether we should endorse legal human rights \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39
or instead defend other, better means. In addition, we may want to reconsider whether the relationship between philosophical and legal human rights is indeed one of ends and m\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 e\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ans \hich\f39
\endash \loch\f39 or whether they are related in more intricate ways so as to rebut or at least recast the criticism.
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n light of these challenges, I submit that there are at least two important reasons to think critically and philosophically about the relationship
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 between the philosophical human rights or human dignity, and the legal human rights. Firstly, in order to assess Kennedy\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
s claim and the efficacy of legal human rights in general, we need a better, philosophically well grounded conception of human dignity\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
or philosophical human rights. Without a sufficiently clear goal, it will be impossible to select and shape the requisite indicators and scales.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Sec\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ondly, I shall suggest that there are prominent philosophical theories of human rights that hold that the goal \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39
philosophical human rights, social justice, or human dignity \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 must be specified with an eye to the fact that the subject matter to be achieve\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 d\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
and assessed are certain institutions, including the allocation of legal rights and obligations. Thus some rights are not only the means, but also the objective to be secured. The normative goal \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39
human dignity\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 , and claims of justice among us as human \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 b\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
eings, may depend profoundly on, and require, certain kinds of practices and institutions, in particular legal institutions. And such institutions and ties among us may in turn ground further claims among us. Thus, the substantive normative claims based o
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 human dignity\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
may depend on whether there are institutional arrangements in place, or that can be put in place; - due to such considerations as our complicity in the threats and promotion of living conditions of others.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8090494 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The following presentation contr\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ibutes to both of these large topics. To illustrate good philosophical research, I sketch two valuable contributions: In section 2, that of Amartya Sen, and in section 3, Charles Beitz\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 . Sen\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
s philosophical account of human rights may for our purposes be \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 een to argue that the claims of individuals are essentially the same }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid13130512 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 across all domains}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid13130512 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
individuals\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 actions, domestic \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 and global \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 institutions, and actions by corporate bodies such as multi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 -national corporations or NGOs. Any differences among obligati\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ons of different actors derive mainly from their different opportuniti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid13130512
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 es}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , and are not due to variation in the content of the fundamental moral obligations these agents owe to others.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1463520 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 An alternative strategy is to argue that different philosophic\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 al human rights - or moral requirements more generally - apply to institutions and to individuals\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
actions. Indeed, different standards may be appropriate for different institutionalized practices. We may describe this as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid482804\charrsid722033
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 an \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 object-dep}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 endent moral theory\hich\f39 \rquote .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\lang2057\langfe1044\super\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid482804 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15084153 \rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 For various reasons, some of which are suggested by }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "Thomas W. Pogge 'Moral universalism and global economic justice', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Politics, philosophy and economics 29-58}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (2002)" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39
\lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00rThomas W. Pogge 'Moral universalism a\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 nd global economic justice', Politics, philosophy and economics 29-58 (2002)\\01\\06\\00C\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39
\lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w(\'bc\{\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 01\'e8\loch\f39 ]\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00(\\\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'98\{
\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'cc\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'b4\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39
00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00X^\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00
\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00X^\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\
\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00\\12\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'b8\'ff\'d7\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'bc\\\loch\f39 11\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\
11Pogge 2002 #46420\\01\\02\\00\\05\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00`7\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 I_(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'c3\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 T. W. POGGE 'Moral universalism and global economic justice', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Politics, philosophy and economics 29-58}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (2002)}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 I prefer this terminology to monism/duali\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 sm/nonmonism (}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "Liam Murphy 'Institutions and the demands of justice', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and public affairs 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4 (1999): 251-91" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\
\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00iLiam Murphy 'Institutions and the demands of justice', Philosophy and public affairs 27\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4 (1999): 251-91\\01\\0B\\008\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39
\hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'98\loch\f39 N\}\\01 ^\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00 \\\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\00\\00\\00\emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00
\'cc\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'b4\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00
\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39
00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00X^\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\
\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00X^\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00\\1D\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01
\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'e0\'93\'d1\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'93\'d1\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39
\hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'93\'d1\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\06\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\f39 00\'e0\'93\'d1\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'b9\\\loch\f39 11\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Mai\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 -PC5.pdt\\
12Murphy 1999 #46390\\01\\02\\00\\06\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00`7\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 I_(}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'c3\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00
\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 L MURPHY 'Institutions and th
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 e demands of justice', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and public affairs 27}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4 (1999): 251-91}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ), and \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 universalist\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 /\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 contextualist\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 (}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "David Miller 'Two ways to think about justice', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Politics, philosophy and economics 1}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (2002): 5-28" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\
\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00bDavid Miller 'Two ways to think about justice', Politics, philosophy and economics 1 (2002): 5-28\\01\\09\\001\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'88\'b6\{\\\loch\f39 018\hich\f39 \emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00$\\\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\
00\\00\\00\'93\'d1\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\\hich\f39 00\'cc\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'b4\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\~\\\loch\f39 1D\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00
\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\~\\\loch\f39 1D\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00
\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00\\12\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39
\hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'e0\emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00
\'e0\emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00`
\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'bd\\\loch\f39 11\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\12Miller 2002 #46430\\01\\02\\00\\06\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00H7\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 I_(}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'c3\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\
\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 D. MILLER 'Two ways to think about justice', }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Politics, Philosophy and Economics 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (2002): 5-28}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Fo\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 r instance , the triggers that may warrant disobedience by citizens, or breaches of \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 external\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
immunity in the form of humanitarian intervention, or exclusion of corporations from investment, may well be drastically different, even though the triggers are\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 all called \hich\f39 \lquote
\loch\f39 human rights violations\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 . Charles Beitz\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 theory belongs in this category.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15084153 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid15084153
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Section 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8136704
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 provides }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 a brief sketch of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8136704 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 philosophical }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 research }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8136704 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 method}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8136704 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 Reflective Equilibrium\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
, which I hold should apply to issues of human rights just as much as t\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 o other topics of philosophical inquiry. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15084153 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid15084153
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6101468 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid12481883 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Section }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 5 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 goes on to use this method to compare the two approaches of Sen and Beitz, by way of indicating some }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid3625760\charrsid8136704 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of the challenges }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 each of them face}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760\charrsid8136704
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid12994363
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12994363 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\kerning0\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid482804 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 2. Amartya Sen }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\kerning0\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid482804\charrsid16189439
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 On }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Sen\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 s view}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 human rights}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
are significan\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 t ethical claims}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 on others generally.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid482804 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Amartya K Sen 'Elements of a Theory of Human Rights', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Public Affairs 32}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (2004): 315-356" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39
ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00gAmartya K Sen 'Elements of a Theory of Human Rights', Philosoph\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 y and Public Affairs 32 (2004): 315-356\\01\\09\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0
\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'88\loch\f39 Y\}\\01\\\hich\f39 10\'94\{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00 \\
\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00^\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'cc\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'b4\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\
01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b0\'94\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\
00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b0\'94\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39
00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00\\12\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\
00\\00\\\loch\f39 00p\hich\f39 \emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\
\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00p\hich\f39 \emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\00p\hich\f39 \emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00p\hich\f39 \emdash \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\
00\\00\\00`\\00\\01\\00Q\\10\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\0FSen 2004 #42810\\01\\02\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00H7\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_\'c0\loch\f39 \hich\f39 #\'ca\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\
\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A. K. sEN 'Elements of a Theory of Human Rights', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Public Affairs 32}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (2004): 315-356}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Human rights are claims that certain freedoms }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 very important, and\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 that all have a moral obligation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to consider what they should do to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 respect and protect these freedoms of everybody.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12994363 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid12994363
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The starting point }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 for Sen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 thus }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 freed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 oms \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 descriptive characteristic}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s of the conditions of persons\hich\f39 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (328), which in turn generate c\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 laims on others. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Each of us must refrain from violating these freedoms our}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 selves, and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 we must also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 consider ways and means to prevent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 violations by others of these freedoms}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (322)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . The freedoms of concern must satisfy t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 wo }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 conditions: They}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 are important}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 for \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the individual}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , and they can be influenced \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 by soc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ial help\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 : \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
others could make a material difference through taking such an interest\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 (329).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid5007131 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Many urgent claims do not amount to human rights because they fail either of these conditions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (329-330)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid10617272 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12994363 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid12994363
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 One of the strengths of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Sen\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 s concern for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 freedom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 is that they express }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 real }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 opportunities }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
for individuals }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to achieve valuable com}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 binations of human functionings. This choice of
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 index\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 avoids }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 problems with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
some alternative measures, such as income, wh\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ich fails to accommodate our }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 different abilities to convert m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 aterial m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 eans into opportunitie}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s or freedoms}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12994363 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid12994363
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Note three features of this account. Firstly, i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 t is not easy to determine }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 from this article}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid482804 \chftn
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1473481 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 - or others, such as }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Amartya K. Sen, 'Equalit
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 y of what?', in Amartya K. Sen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Choice, Welfare and Measurement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press, 1980a), 353-369." }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11
\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'85\loch\f39 Amartya K. Sen, 'Equality of what?', in Amartya K. Sen Choice, Welfare and Measurement (Cambridge, Mass. \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 MIT Press, 1980a), 353-369.\\01\\0E\\00\\0E
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'f8\\\loch\f39 15\{\\\hich\f39 01\'88\\\loch\f39 09\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\
00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'c0\'c9\'d7\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\\hich\f39 00\'88\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\11\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff
\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 07\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00
\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00
\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b8\\\loch\f39 14\{\\\hich\f39 01\'c0\\\loch\f39 09\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 1\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 F\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'db\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\
00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'f8\'c9\'d7\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\
\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\1A\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39
w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 02\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\07\\00\\00\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |<\\\hich\f39 0E\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00`;\'cf\\
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 08\\0E7\\008\\00\\00\\00\\05\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\00\\007\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |<\\\hich\f39 0E\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00`;\'cf\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$
\'ad\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 08\\0E7\\008\\00\\01\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@\'cb\'d7\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\
00\\00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'88\\\loch\f39 09\{\\01\\02\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00
\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'9f\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep
\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\0ESen 1980 #1600\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 0E\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A. K. SEN, 'Equality of what?', in A. K. SEN }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Choice, Welfare and Measurement}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press, 1980a), 353-369.}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ; cf. responses by }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "Norman Daniels 'Equality of what: welfare, resources, or capabilities?', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Phe\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
nomenological Research I (supplement)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
(1990): 20G. A. Cohen, 'Equality of what? On Welfare, Goods, and Capabilities', in Martha Nussbaum and Amartya K. Sen (editors) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The Quality of Life}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1993), 9-29." }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
\hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\loch\f39 =\\
01Norman Daniels 'Equality of what: welfare, resources, or capabilities?', Philosophy and Phenomenological Research I (supplement) (1990): 20G. A. Cohen, 'Equality of what? On Welfare, Goods, and Capabilities', in Martha Nussbaum and Amarty
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 a\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 K. Sen (editors) The Quality of Life (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1993), 9-29.\\01\\1B\\00\\0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e8\\\loch\f39 11\{\\\hich\f39 01\'f0\\\loch\f39 0B\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00
\\00\'98\\\loch\f39 0C\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'dc\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\006\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00
\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 04\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\
00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 7\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0D\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00 \'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\\hich\f39 08\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39
06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\~\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 1D\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00L\'d9\\
\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\~\\\loch\f39 1D\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00L\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00"\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 04\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\
00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'80\'94\'d1\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\\hich\f39 00L\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00,\'ab\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\
\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00,\'ab\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\0D\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\00\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 7\\00\\00\\007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00,\'ab
\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\01\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 18\\09\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'dc\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\006\\00\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\09\{\\01\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u141\'8d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39
\'d1\\00\\\loch\f39 1A\\14\{\\01\\02\\00\\00\\00\\03\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\07\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\
00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 "\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'98\\\loch\f39 16\{\\\hich\f39 01\'c0\loch\f39 %\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39
\hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00X\\5C\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'e0\\\loch\f39 08
\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\13\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\00\\
01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00X\\5C\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\16
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00$\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39
05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\07\\00\\00\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 X\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00 Q\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\\loch\f39 00X\\1B7\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 0\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\00\\007\\00m\\05\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 X\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00 Q\'d1\\\loch\f39
\hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\\loch\f39 00X\\1B7\\008\\00\\01\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'c0\\\loch\f39 09\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00L\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\
04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 000\'ca\'d7\\00\\\loch\f39 02\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w
\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 18\\04\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\13Daniels 1990 #10490\\00\\13\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
N. DANIELS 'Equality of what: welfare, resources, or capabilities?', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Phenomenological \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Research I (supplement)}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (1990): 20, G. A. COHEN, 'Equality of what? On Welfare, Goods, and Capabilities', in M. NUSSBAUM and A. K. SEN (editors) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The Quality of Life}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1993), 9-29.}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\00\\\hich\f39 00
\'c6\\\loch\f39 04\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\11Cohen 1993 #12230\\00\\11\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . In Sen\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 s defense, such consider}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ations may find room among the \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 many parameters that may be relevant to a person\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 s practical
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 reaso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ning.\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 339).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 whether Sen would }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 agree that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 inst}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
itutional distributive justice i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s a special issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
, compared to the obligations individuals have toward one another to promote their freedoms. One might for instance hold that certain freedoms of some p\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
eople create particularly urgent claims on some others, due not only to the ability of the latter to assist, but owing to the relationship they stand in.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16481733 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid16481733
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16481733 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Secondly, Sen plausibly insists that legislation is only one of several valuable routes to respect an\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
d protect such freedoms. Indeed, his focus on freedoms, without apparent concern for whether institutionalized relationships may affect the normative weight of duties to secure such freedoms, is also borne out in his insistence that human rights are not c
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 e\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ntrally to be understood as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 legal dem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ands, or grounds for laws (326). He seem to be correct when he writes that \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
It would be a mistake, I would argue, to presume in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
general that if a human right is important, then it must be ideal to legislate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
it into a pr\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ecisely specified legal right\'85\loch\f39 . The necessary change would have to be brought about in other ways.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \rquote
\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (345)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Thus Sen credibly points out that there are good reasons to also consider other \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 routes\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 in addition to legislation. He notes }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 recognition route\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of the nonenforceable 1948 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Universal Declaration of Human }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Rights}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and later declarations, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 such as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the right to development
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . And he also stresses the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 agitation route\hich\f39
\rquote \loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to promote}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 effective social pressure (344).}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16481733 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid16481733
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Thirdly, note that Sen\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 s account does not pro
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 vide an absolute obligation to undertake any specific action, but rather requires that individuals give \'93\loch\f39 \hich\f39 reasonable consideration to a possible action\'94\loch\f39
(338-39). This move helps him avoid criticism that his account is unduly demanding.
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 I conclude that Se\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
s conception of philosophical human rights as claims to certain freedoms seems to regard institutions and legal rules only as instruments to implement these claims. The freedoms are defended independently grounded, and the instruments of legalization ar
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 e\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 presumably sometimes apt, sometimes not. In contrast, Beitz\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
theory of human rights provides a markedly different view. He holds that philosophical human rights are best understood to address institutions, and certain institutions in particular.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12663944 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 3. Charle\hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 s Beitz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid2297063
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Over several decades, and perhaps most clearly in an influential contribution in 2001, Charles Beitz has offered a philosophy of human rights that for our purposes offers a distinctly different perspective.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\cs43\super\insrsid482804 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Beitz 2001" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00\\0ABeitz 2001\\01\\02\\00\\06\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\
00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00@\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'b8\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'94\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 5C\'c3\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'88\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \'c1\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00o\\11\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\
5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\11Beitz 2001 #45640\\01\\02\\00\\05\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00(7\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_\'c0\loch\f39 \hich\f39 #\'ca\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39
12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Beitz\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2001}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid482804\charrsid8136704 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Beitz regards human r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ights as fundamentally addressed to}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid482804\charrsid8136704 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid3625760
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 certain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs21\insrsid482804\charrsid8136704 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 institutional and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 political issues:
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s34\ql \li1440\ri1440\sb100\sa120\sbauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid5976579 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang2057\langfe1044\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1044 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid6256056
The doctrine of human rights is a political construction intended for certain political purposes and is to be understood against the background of a range of general assumptions about the character of the contemporary international environment.}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \'85. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid6256056 as principles for international affairs that could be accepted by reasonable persons who hold conflicting reasonabl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 e conceptions of the good life.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid6256056 (276)
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12663944 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid5976579 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 He explicitl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 y seeks to understand and justify human rights on the basis of \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid5976579 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the role they p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 lay in international relations.\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 (}{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Beitz 2001" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00\\0ABeitz 2001\\01\\02\\00\\06\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\
\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\01\\00\\0\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 7\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00@\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'b8\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'94\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 5C\'c3\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'88\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \'c1\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00o
\\11\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\11Beitz 2001 #45640\\01\\02\\00\\05\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00(7\\14\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\
00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_x_\'c6\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac
\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Beitz 2001}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , 2}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3480123 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 67}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , 277). That particular social fun\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ction is to state conditions for institutions,
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s34\ql \li1440\ri1440\sb100\sa120\sbauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid8408099 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang2057\langfe1044\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1044 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3354643 the systematic violation of which may justify efforts to bring about reform by agents external to the society}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 in which the violation occurs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid3354643 (280).
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8408099 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Beitz goes on to specify}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid3354643 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 human rights play three diffe\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 rent related roles: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 they constrain }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
the constitutions of states and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 rules of internati}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 onal organizations and regimes; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
they describe the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 goals for social development app}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ropriate for all contemporary societies; and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 3. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 human rights furnish}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 grounds of\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 political criticism appropriate in global politics by a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 variety}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of international and transnational actors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid14879952 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (277)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid14879952 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid8408099
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1594593 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
As an illustration, he indicates how this understanding helps }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid1594593 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 frame the requisite arguments that must be presented }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and defended in order }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid1594593 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to j\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ustify particular human right}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s. Democratic institutions, for instance, are justified as instrumental to secure subsistence rights and other urgent human interests (279). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid1594593
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9788994 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 4.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8483373
\hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 The Method of Reflective Equilibrium
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5793741 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 One prominent mode of philosophical research \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
on normative issues is known as the method of \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 Reflective Equilibrium\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 (\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 RE\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 ). The name is due to John Rawls\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
presentation in A Theory of Justice (}{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "John Rawls }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A Theory of Justice}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971a)" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
\hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00RJohn Rawls A Theory of Justice (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971a)\\01\\08\\00\\0A\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39
\lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e8\'c1\loch\f39 z\\01@}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39
\u141\'8d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'d1\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce
\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 13\\00\\02\\00\\00\\
00\\\hich\f39 00\'db\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\
00\'a8\'af\loch\f39 |\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00*\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\0\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 0\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'b3\loch\f39 z\\01\\07\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 18\'ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |X\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c8\\\loch\f39 05
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'a8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'d1\\
\loch\f39 008\\00\\00\\00\\05\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b3\loch\f39 z\\01\\00\\007\\00\\\hich\f39 18\'ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |X\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c8\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'a8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'d1\\\loch\f39 008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\
00\\00\\00\'a8\'af\loch\f39 |\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'ac\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00#\\0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\insrsid9711690\charrsid9711690 0\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\
5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\0FRawls 1971 #360\\00\\0F\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 John Rawls }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A Theory of Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971a)}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
), but the method can be traced to Aristotle. Some also argu\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 e that this research method is appropriate for a much broader range of philosophical issues \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39
and indeed characteristic of most scientific method.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid482804 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 For elaboration and references, cf }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "Daniels, Norman, 'Reflective Equilibrium', <>, Accessed 10 May 2005." }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Daniels, Norman, 'Reflective Equilibrium', <>, Accessed 10 May 2005.\\01\\01\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\01\\00
\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00@\'d9\\\loch\f39 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'a3\\\loch\f39 0F\\00\\00?Z:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF
\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\13D\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 aniels 2003 #41020\\01\\02\\00\\07\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00HA\\14\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_P\'e8\'c5\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff
\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
N. DANIELS 'Reflective Equilibrium', <>, Accessed 10 May 2005.}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\ql \li0\ri0\sb120\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6979232 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs28\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4.1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid6979232
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Three main features
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5793741 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 For our purposes, t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 he theory of reflective equilibrium}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 as laid out by John Rawls}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 has three main features. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\b\f40\fs24\insrsid482804\charrsid6979232 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 4.1.1 The aim of arriving a\hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40
t reflective equilibrium is practical: To attain agreement on specific moral issues
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 For our purposes, the practical puzzles would be those that are central to the philosophy of human rights, e.g. whether Philosophical Human Rights are properly regarded as
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 supreme in some sense, and in what senses, if any, they are \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 universal\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 ; and whether it is morally defensible to hold corporations to standards that are properly called
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 human rights\hich\f39 \rquote .
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6979232 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid6979232
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5793741 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 If the method secures agreement among us on such issues, we have a }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 practical justification of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 our }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 actions and moral judgments. The theory presupposes that there is a shared desire among the parties to arrive at such an agreement on the issues it is applied to. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9133292 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9133292
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9133292 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9133292 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 In our case, the issue is how we should understand the relat
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ionship between philosophical conceptions of human rights, and international legal human rights, as discussed in section 1 above.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9133292 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9133292\charrsid9133292
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5793741 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs17\b\f40\fs24\insrsid482804\charrsid6979232 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40
4.1.2 The starting points of the procedure are non-foundational empirical and normative \hich\f40 \lquote \loch\f40 considered judgments\hich\f40 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid2973593
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6979232 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The judgments \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
that the method take as its starting point are of many different kinds:
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 - empirical information about particular cases and generalizations, eg about the risk of corruption in centralized governments, likely effects of opposition parties;
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 - moral }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 judgments \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 concerning }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid6979232
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 particular }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 cases (\'93\loch\f39 \hich\f39 particular judgments\'94\loch\f39 )}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 e.g. that markedly different educational or health care opportunities for girls and boys are unjust;
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 - moral }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid6979232 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 principles}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39
such as a principle of equal respect for all humans; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'93\loch\f39 second\hich\f39 \emdash \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 order judgments\'94\loch\f39
: judgments concerning standards of reasoning, formal requirements on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 alleged moral }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
principles, etc. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6979232 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid6979232
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 One of the distinguishing features of the Method of Reflective Equilibrium is that n}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 one of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 considered judgments }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 CJ\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 ) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 are regarded\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 as impervious to change }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 as a result of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the procedure. That is, any considered judg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ent is in principle open for modification or rejection when confronted wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 th other considered judgments. This may for instance occur as a result of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 theoretical consideration\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s: If a particular judgment belonging to the original set of judgments is incompatible with a proposed general principle, it may }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 on reflection be modified, or indeed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 discarded. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid12389298 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid12649824
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 principle with some degree of initial credibility can }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 similarly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid12649824 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 be discounted\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 if it yields conclusions incompatible with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 several }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid12649824 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 particular jud}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 gments and with other general principles or with empirical findings.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9133292 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid9133292
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9133292 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid9133292 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 In our case, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid7087035 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the starting considered judgments concerning human rights incl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ude several general principles. One prominent\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 source \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 among several - is the Preamble and articles of the UN \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 Universal Declaration of Human Rights\hich\f39 \rquote .}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\lang2057\langfe2052\super\langnp2057\insrsid6294928 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "United Nations General Assembly, 'Universal Declaration of Human Rights', General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) of 10 December 1948, 1948\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 )" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u141\'8d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
United Nations General Assembly, 'Universal Declaration of Human Rights', General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) of 10 December 1948, 1948)\\01\\06\\00J\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff
\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00@\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 08\\
00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00;\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\
\loch\f39 0C\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote
\loch\f39 |\\07\\00\\00\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'e4\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c9\\\loch\f39 008\\13\}\\\hich\f39 01$\'ad\'cb\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 05
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\00\\007\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'e4\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c9\\\loch\f39 008\\13\}\\\hich\f39 01$\'ad\'cb\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 008\\0F\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00z\\0F\\00\\00?Z:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\
5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt+United Natio\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s General Assembly 1948 #40610\\01\\02\\00\\1F\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\008:\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_P\'e8\'c5\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff
\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 United Nations General Assembly, 'Universal Declaration of Human Rights', General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) of 10 December 1948, 1948)}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid9133292
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7087035 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid7087035 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophical human rights are \hich\f39 \lquote }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid7087035\charrsid6294928 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 universal\hich\f39 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid7087035
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 in several senses. In particular, all human beings have such claims\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 on others, or on their institutions, regardless of their gender, ethn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 icity, religion, or nationality: t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928\charrsid6294928 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
he equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928 .\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid7087035\charrsid6294928
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6294928 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid7087035 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophical human rights are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 also \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928\charrsid6294928 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 overriding}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 , e.g. in the sense that they prote\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ct urgently important human interests, and that they should therefore override other legal regulations: \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928\charrsid6294928 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human righ\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ts should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 be protected by the rule of law,..\hich\f39 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid6294928\charrsid6294928
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13438231 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid13438231
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13438231 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4.1.3 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\insrsid482804\charrsid6979232
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The theory claims that there is a rational procedure by which this aim sometimes can be reached.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13438231 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The Method of RE holds that a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 rguments }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 among those who disagree on these matters }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 can be conducted accordin\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 g to standards of practical reason accepted by all parties. These standards are the same as those used in scientific arguments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 more generally}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . Thus, if an agreement is achieved, it is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 a \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 mere}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 agreement, in the sense of being generated by some irration\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 al mechanism. Rather, the agreement is in same sense }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\insrsid482804\charrsid6979232 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 objective. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The theory assumes that the parties wish to proceed according to such a procedure. \line
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs16\b\f40\fs28\insrsid482804\charrsid14965820 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 4.2 Elaboration\line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 As I shall use the t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 erms, \'93\loch\f39 \hich\f39 reflective equilibrium\'94\loch\f39 (\hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 RE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ) is a relation }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 that holds among }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 he CJ }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of one or more persons. The relation is one of consistency and coherence, in a sense }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to be explained
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 discuss. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 CJ in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 RE are ordered in such a way as to constitute a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid13438231 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 theory}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 : the set of judgments has a logical structure. Thus the set is temporarily stab\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 le, at least in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the sense that w}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 e are not aware of any internal inconsistency which compels change on logical grounds. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10362571 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4.2.1 Partial, Wide, Ideal RE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid10362571\charrsid10362571
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid13438231 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Depending on the scope of the RE, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 CJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 may include a small or large part of the person\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 s total body of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 empirical and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 moral judgments. A total RE will include all the moral }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and empirical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
judgments of a person. Our main concern will be with limited REs, subsets of these judgments on a specifi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 c area in moral philosophy. These }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 judgments involved in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 a limited or\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 total RE will prima}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 rily be principles and particular judgments concerning ethics. Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 is may be called a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 P}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid13438231 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 artial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 RE. A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid13438231 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Wide }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 RE may also include judgments}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of empirical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 heories, such as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \'93\loch\f39 \hich\f39 background theories\'94\loch\f39
of the person, of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 social psychology, biology etc.;\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
and theories of (moral) epistemology, standards of relevance for moral arguments, theories about the nature and force of moral utterances, and standards of coherence and consistency.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid482804 \chftn
{\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid11031606 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid11031606 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 cf. }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Norman Daniels 'Wide reflective equilibrium and theory acc
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 eptance in ethics', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Journal of Philosophy 76}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
(1979): 256-282" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\
00wNorman Daniels 'Wide reflective equilibrium and theory acceptance in ethics', Journal of Philosophy 76 (1979): 256-282\\01\\0E\\00\\0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\
05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w8\'c7\loch\f39 z\\\hich\f39 01\'80\\\loch\f39 1B\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\
\loch\f39 00p]\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'88\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00;\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00]\}\\01\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u141\'8d}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'d1\\00\'d9\'c0\{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\04\\\hich\f39 00\'e0
\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 15\\00\\02
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\1B\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'cc\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'b4\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39
\hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\
00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@\'9e\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00
\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@\'9e\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\07\\00\\
00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00-\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'b0\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39
\hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 W\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00
\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 W\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 W\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\
00\\00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00X\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 W\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'a5\\\loch\f39 01\\
00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\12Daniels 1979 #4220\\00\\1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 N. DANIELSs '
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Wide reflective equilibrium and theory acceptance in ethics', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Journal of Philosophy 76}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (1979): 256-282}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid11031606 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "Daniels, Norman, 'Reflective Equilibrium', <>, Accessed 10 May 2\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 005." }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Daniels, Norman, 'Reflective Equilibrium', <>, Accessed 10 May 2005.\\01\\01\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m
\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 @\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'a3\\\loch\f39 0F\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\
5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\13Daniels }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2003 #41020\\01\\02\\00\\07\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00HA\\14\\
\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_\'b0\'a8\'cb\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\
00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar
}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 N. DANIELS, 'Reflective Equilibrium', <>, Accessed 10 May 2005.}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid16387742 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 We }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 might}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid16387742 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 sometimes want to talk about an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid5840292 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 deal RE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid16387742 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 T\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
is a wide and total RE where the set of judgments is coherent and consistent with the person\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
s complete ideal theory of the world, accounting for all her experiences. All the judgments are stable: they will not be withdrawn because they conflict with o\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ther judgments or with our experience. They are based on true beliefs and true accounts of the world, howe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ver \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 true\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 is defined. \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10362571 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4.2.2 The Method of RE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid10362571\charrsid10362571
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5793741 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 The \'93\loch\f39 \hich\f39 Method of RE\'94\loch\f39
refers to how this equilibrium among judgments is achieved, starting with the vario\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 us CJs that are inconsistent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
. The method of RE has sometimes been criticized as be}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ing very vague and unspecified:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid482804 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11031606 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid8287280 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 cf. }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "Joseph Raz 'The claims of reflective equilibrium', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Inquiry 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
(1982): 307-330" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00NJoseph Raz 'The claims of reflective equilibrium', Inquiry 25 (1982): 307-330\\01\\0E\\00\\0A\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39
\hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'c8\'c1\{\\\loch\f39 01H\\1B\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b8\loch\f39 T\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'88
\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00$\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00T\{\\\hich\f39 01H\'94\{\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 019\'c5\{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8
\\00\\00\\00\\04\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\
\loch\f39 07\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\00W\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'cc\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'b4\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\01\\
\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\02\\
00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff
\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b0\'94\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00
\'b0\'94\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff
\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00-\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b0\loch\f39 [\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39
12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\00\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 7\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\loch\f39 [\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\
\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\loch\f39 [\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\
00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\loch\f39 [\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'d2\\\loch\f39 06\\00\\00?Z:\\5Cp\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 c\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\
5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\0FRaz 1982 #17470\\00\\0F\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 J. RAZ 'The claims of reflective equilibrium', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Inquiry 25}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (1982): 307-330}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , 314.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
hich standards are applied, and how does the process of adjustment proce\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ed? I shall hold that the method applies the ordinary standards of rational acceptability}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . The method centrally requires that we modify or reject each component CJ, and add new ones, guided by the objective to secure consistency and coherence, until RE is \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 achieved. This }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 method of RE }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 exploits the fact that normative judgments tend to be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 theory-dependent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 In ethics su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ch changes in CJ are likely to occur when the person(s) explore the implications and best premises for each CJ.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10362571 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10362571 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4.2.3. Justification by RE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid10362571\charrsid10362571
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10362571 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Wha\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 t sort of \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39
justification\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 does RE provide? The set of CJs in RE \hich\f39 \emdash \loch\f39 and each C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 J \hich\f39 \emdash \loch\f39
is justified, in a practical sense, for the person at that time. If several persons agree on the judgments, the RE will be justified for them. They will be able to justify thei\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39
r actions and judgments to each other, on grounds they all assent to. Particular judgments and principles can be justified \'93\loch\f39 \hich\f39 from above\'94\loch\f39 : from principles and second\hich\f39 \emdash \loch\f39
order principles, respectively. Principles and second\hich\f39 \emdash \loch\f39 order principles can also be justifie\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 d\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \'93\loch\f39 fro}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 below\'94\loch\f39 : by the sets of particular judgments and principles that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 follow from them, \line To clarify this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 terminology, let us apply it to Rawls\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
theory of justice. Rawls\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 theory constitutes a limited RE: the judgments involved mainly concern the social jus\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 tice of the major domesti}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 c institutions of societies.
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Rawls assumes that the RE will}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 somehow }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 come to be }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 shared by citizens. The set of judgments in RE does not include a theory of moral truth, moral epistemology or a theory of theory\hich\f39 \emdash \loch\f39
constraints. Still, \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
the theory relies on judgments properly belonging to such theories. The RE is not claimed to be ideal: the judgments are only claimed to be accepted in our time, by many members of Western democratic societies. Thus t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 he RE is liable to change, as are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10362571\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the r\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
est of our judgments, in light of new knowledge, increased reflection and new proposed theories. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Rawls claims}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid10362571\charrsid16387742 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 that his theory is a better RE, in the sense of being closer to an ideal RE, than the other prevailing political theories \hich\f39 \emdash \loch\f39
particularly utilitari\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 anism}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid10362571 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\lang2057\langfe2052\super\langnp2057\insrsid10362571 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar
\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10362571 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 cf }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "John Rawls }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
A Theory of Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971b)" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\
00RJohn Rawls A Theory of Justice (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971b)\\01\\08\\00\\0A\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\\hich\f39 08\'b6\loch\f39 z\\01x[\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\13\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'db\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\
00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'b0\loch\f39 [\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00*\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\
00\\\loch\f39 00T\{\\01\\07\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 18\'ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |X\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c8\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |pV\{\\018\\00\\00\\00\\05\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
00T\{\\01\\00\\007\\00\\\hich\f39 18\'ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |X\'d8\\\loch\f39 1\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c8\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |pV\{\\018\\00\\01
\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b0\loch\f39 [\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'ac\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00#}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00?Z:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\0FRawls 1971 #360\\00\\0F\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 J. RAWLS }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A Theory of J\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ustice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971b)}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , 381. }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid10362571\charrsid16387742
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10362571 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid10362571 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
4.2.4. Four Norms that guide the method of RE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid10362571\charrsid10362571
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11031606 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Four norms guide efforts to bring coherence and consistency to a set of CJ. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid11031606
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid482804 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 1) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid12649824 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Logical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 consistency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5793741 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804\charrsid12649824 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Con\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 sidered judgments that are found to be logically inconsistent cannot all be included in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 RE: one or more must be adjusted.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid482804 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid482804 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2) Coherence
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5793741 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 second standard applied in the method}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of RE is to secure}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 logical - and causal - structures between considered judg\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ments, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to increase the l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ogical structure of the set of CJ}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
we start out with. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 his standard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 requires that new }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 principles}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 or concepts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 such as \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 dignity,\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 vital needs\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 , or \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 human rights\hich\f39 \rquote
\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 be introduced into the set of CJs, to ensure }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 that particular cons
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 idered judgments become logically related to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 each other, so as to allow further checks of consistency}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360
\par
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 There are very few restrictions on the in}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
troduction of these principles: they are theoretical constructions or explications.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid482804 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "John Rawls 'Outl\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ine of a decision procedure for ethics', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Philosophical Review 60}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (1951): 177-197" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00aJohn Rawls 'Outline of a decision procedure for ethics', Philosophical Review 60 (1951): 177-197\\01\\0E\\00\\0A\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w8\'c5\{\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 01\'80\\\loch\f39 1B\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\
008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b8\loch\f39 T\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'88\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00*\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00T\{\\\hich\f39 01H
\'94\{\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 01\'e9\'c4\{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\04\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |
\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 14\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\00\\1B\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'cc\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00
\'b4\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2
\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2
\loch\f39 w,\\00\\0\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 1\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'98\\\loch\f39 13\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\
008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'98\\\loch\f39 13\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\f39 00\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00-\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'b0\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\
\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 08[\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39
\hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\08[\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 08[\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\08[\}\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\01\\00*\\00\\00\\00?Z:\\5Cpc\\
5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\0FRawls 1951 #430\\00\\0F\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 J. RAW\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 LS 'Outline of a decision procedure for ethics', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophical Review 60}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (1951): 177-197}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ,184\hich\f39 \emdash \loch\f39 185.}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Specifically, no claim is ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 de that these principles are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 analyses of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \lquote }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 meanings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of the ethical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 terms; not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 what people have i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ntended to assert all along; or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the actual psychological or sociological }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid10573360 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 causes }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of the particular considered judgments, held implicitly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 or unconsciously}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 anyone}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10573360 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid10573360 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 I here appear to differ with }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "Ronald Dworkin, 'The Original Position', in Norman D\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 aniels (editor) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Reading Rawls}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (New York Basic Books, 1973), 16-53." }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\
\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00wRonald Dworkin, 'The Original Position', in Norman Daniels (editor) Reading Rawls (New York Basic Books, 1973), 16-53.\\01\\10\\00\\0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'b8\'bd\{\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 01\'f8}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \{\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00
\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'c0\'f4\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'88\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\
00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\15\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f4\{\\\loch\f39 01\~}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u141\'8d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00:\'c7\loch\f39 z\\01\\02\\00\\00\\00\\03\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\07\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff
\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00,\\}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00H\'bf\{\\\loch\f39 010\hich\f39 \lquote \{\\
\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00x/\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\06\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\
00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'88}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \{\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\0D\\00
\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'db\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff
\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00x/\{\\01\\00\\0\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 07\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00
\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\07\\00\\00\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |,\\\hich\f39 10\'d1\\
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@j\'cf\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 18\\107\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\00\\007\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |,\\\hich\f39 10\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@j
\'cf\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 18\\107\\008\\00\\01\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\~\'f7\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\
\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\05\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\'f7\{\\\loch\f39 01\\02\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00
\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'99\\\loch\f39 07\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\
5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\13Dworkin 1973 #19460\\00\\13\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 R. DWORKIN, 'The Original Position', in Norman Daniels (editor) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Reading Rawls}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (New York Basic Books, 1973), 16-53.}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , 22.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 )). }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074
\par
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 point}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 introducing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 principles}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 or concepts}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 is to improve the theore}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 tical structure of the set of CJs, and a new }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 principle}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 or concept i}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s appropriate if it enables a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 better }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 RE, and inappropriate if it does not. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 These t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 wo standard
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s seem to underdetermine the direction of modification}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . Starting with some C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Js, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 it might seem that many }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
consistent and coherent system}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 can be generated}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , in very many ways. After all, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 any number of the judgments }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 may be modified or rejected, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and replacing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 w
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ith a any from wide range of n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ew ones}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2108934 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4475074 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 as long }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2108934 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
as they yield a consistent and coherent fit. There may be at least two responses to this concern. Firstly, it is easier said than done to obtain such consistency and coherence \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 especially when the resulting
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 set of CJ must also fit in RE with a wide range of empirical findings.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Secondly, there are two further standards:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2108934 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2108934\charrsid2108934
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2108934 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 3) Maximize credibility
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5793741 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The third standard reduces the scope of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2108934 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 possible modifications}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 : the method must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 maximize cred}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid2108934 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ibility, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2108934
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 starting with t\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 he original set of CJ that we have some trust in. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs20 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4221638 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638\charrsid4221638
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s3\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4221638 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4) Simplicity}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid2172852
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5052908 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Finally,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 the resulting system }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of judgments \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 about particulars and about principles \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 must }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 simple}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\insrsid4221638 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 This }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 standard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 may be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 easier }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to apply }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 than }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to define}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . It seems mainly to play a role when\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 we are forced to choose between REs that }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4221638 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 equivalent according to the other }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid4221638
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 three s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804\charrsid8793429 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 tandards. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\ql \li0\ri0\sb240\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14965820 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 5. The Method of RE applied: Sen and Beitz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14965820 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
To illustrate the method of RE, we now consider some weaknesses of the two accounts sketched above, by Sen and Beit\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 z.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\ql \li142\ri0\sb120\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin142\itap0\pararsid14965820 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs28\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 5.1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820\charrsid14965820
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 On Sen: why are Philosophical Human Rights Overriding?
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14965820 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Amartya Sen\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
s clear account of a philosophy of human rights has several strengths. For instance, it makes clear how philosophical human rights are needed to serve as a critical standard to asse\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ss legal human rights, and helps avoid undue focus on such legal rules to the detriment of other modes of social change. Moreover, his focus on freedoms helps explain why philosophical human rights are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\insrsid14965820\charrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 universal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 : all individuals have reason to value such \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 freedoms.
\par
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
One challenge to his account concerns whether it helps justify the CJ that human rights should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid14965820\charrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 override }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14965820
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 other moral concerns, and why legal human rights should override other legal regulations. In deed, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Sen notes that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid482804 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 laims of human rights mu\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 st be \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39
consolidated with other evaluative concerns \hich\f39 \lquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid14965820 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
(322). So he may want to remain agnostic as to whether these philosophical norms should indeed override other concerns.
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 If we seek a defence for the overriding nature of such freedom-based claims, and l\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ook at other parts of Sen\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
s impressive contributions, answers are not easily forthcoming. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid1929505 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 His elaboration of \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 basic functionings\hich\f39 \rquote
\loch\f39 - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af40 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1929505 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 being well nourished, being free from malaria - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid1929505 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 basic capabilities\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 the combinations of such functionings the person \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 can achieve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\cs43\lang2057\langfe2052\super\langnp2057\insrsid1929505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
QUOTE "Amartya K. Sen, 'Capability and well-being', in Martha Nussbaum and Amartya K. Sen (editors) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The Quality of Life}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1993), 30-53." }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff
\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'98\loch\f39 Amartya K. Sen, 'Capability and well-bein\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
g', in Martha Nussbaum and Amartya K. Sen (editors) The Quality of Life (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1993), 30-53.\\01\\10\\00\\0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39
\hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w8\'c7\loch\f39 z\\01h\hich\f39 \lquote \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'88}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \{\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'88\'da\\
\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 008\\00\\00\\00\\19\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \{\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 01\\18jz\\\hich\f39 01j\'c2\{\\\loch\f39 01\\02\\00\\00\\00\\03\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\07\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\
00\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 00\\
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 "\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'a8\'c3\{\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 01\'f0\'c7\{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\00
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 8\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'c0\'f4\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\
00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39
\hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\000\lquote \{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\13\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'db\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'c0\'f4\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\
\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\16\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\07\\00\\00\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |,\\\hich\f39 10\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@j\'cf\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\00\\
\loch\f39 18\\107\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\00\\007\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |,\\\hich\f39 10\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@j\'cf\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 18\\107\\008\\
00\\01\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00@/\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\05\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'b0\loch\f39 /\{\\01\\02\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39
\lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'c9\\\loch\f39 04\\00\\00?Z:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\
5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\0FSen 1993 #12\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 60\\00\\0F\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A. K. SEN, 'Capability and well-being', in M. NUSSBAUM and A. K. SEN (editors) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The Quality of Life}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1993), 30-53.}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and elsewhere.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid1929505 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 seems to capture many of the central interests human rights should protect and promote. But it remains unclear what reasons he provides to hold that such capabilities
\hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 and basic capability equality}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\lang2057\langfe2052\super\langnp2057\insrsid1929505 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Amartya K. Sen, 'Equality of what?', in Amar\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 tya K. Sen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Choice, Welfare and Measurement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press, 1980b), 353-369." }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'85\loch\f39
Amartya K. Sen, 'Equality of what?', in Amartya K. Sen Choice, Welfare and Measurement (Cambridge, Mass. MIT Press, 1980b), 35\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 3-369.\\01\\0E\\00\\0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff
\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w8\'c7\loch\f39 z\\01\~\hich\f39 \'f7\{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff
\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'f8\'f4\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'88\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\11\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\
007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 07\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3
\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00
\'d8\'b0\{\\\loch\f39 01@\hich\f39 \rquote \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\1F\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'db\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\
00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00H\\1B\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\1A\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff
\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |<\\\hich\f39 0E\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00`;\'cf\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 08\\0E7\\008\\00\\00\\00\\05\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\00\\007\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |<\\\hich\f39 0E\'d1\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00`;\'cf\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00$\'ad\'cb\\00\\\loch\f39 08\\0E7\\008\\00\\01\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00h\hich\f39 \lquote \{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\0
0,\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\~\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'f7\{\\\loch\f39 01\\02\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'9f\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00?Z:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\0ESen 1980 #1600\\01\\02\\00\\03\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
00\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'bf\loch\f39 H\\00 :\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0B\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_p\'99\'c7\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\
00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A. K. SEN, 'Equality of what?', in A. K. SEN }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Choice, Welfare and Measurement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambr\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
idge, Mass. MIT Press, 1980b), 353-369.}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid1929505 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid14172522 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
override other preferences, concerns \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 and other legal regulations. Our considered judgments about human rights seem to imply that they merit more than }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39
\lquote \loch\f39 reasonable consideration\hich\f39 \rquote .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14172522 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10030823
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 In order to avoid th\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 is weakness, I submit that Sen\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
s approach can develop further some of the arguments presented by Martha Nussbaum. She seeks to defend the view that certain, specified basic capabilities should be regarded as of overriding importance for a legitimate polit\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 i
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 cal order, and links this view to human rights.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid10030823 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 E.g. }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Martha C. Nussbaum }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Women and Human Development: The Capabilities Approach}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000)" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39
ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00wMartha C. Nussbaum Women and Huma\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n Development: The Capabilities Approach (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000)\\01\\08\\00\\12\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'98\'c4\{\\\loch\f39 01 W\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\
00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\006\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'db\\
\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 08V\{\\
01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00%\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\
00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\00\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'e0\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00]\}\\01\\07\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 18\'ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |X\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c8\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote
\loch\f39 |\\00[\}\\018\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00]\}\\01\\00\\007\\00\\\hich\f39 18\'ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |X\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c8\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\00[\}\\018\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 08V\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'ac\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00
\\\hich\f39 00\'e5\\\loch\f39 0B\\00\\00?\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Z:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\14Nussbaum 2000 #31210\\00\\14\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 M. C. NUSSBAUM }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Women and Human Development: The Capabilities Approach}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000)}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10030823 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10030823 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10030823
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s2\ql \li0\ri0\sb120\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12484499 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs28\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 5.2 On Beitz: the C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12484499
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 omplexity of Object-dependent theories and of multiple roles for Human rights }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid482804
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3625760 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760\charrsid14821487 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Space does not permit a more thoroug}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 h presentation of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760\charrsid14821487 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Beitz\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 views}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , beyond noting that several other authors (including David Forsythe in this volume) share his approach to rega\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 rd human rights as fundamentally concerned wit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 h institutions. I here note some}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 areas where the method of RE indicate that further elaboration is required.
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Such an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 object-dependent theory seems at first glance inconsistent, incoherent, and too complex, th
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 us at odds with the norms central to the m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ethod of reflective equilibrium. Why }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
the content of norms depend fundamentally on their objects? }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid10835065 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
And in particular, a normative philosophical theory cannot rest with claims that different fundamental princip\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
les of distributive justice as a matter of fact apply to different spheres of life - as Michael Walzer and others have explored.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\lang2057\langfe1044\super\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid10835065 \chftn {\footnote
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10835065 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Michael Walzer }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (New York: Basic, 1983)" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\
00^Michael Walzer Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality (New York: Basic, 1983)\\01\\08\\00\\0E\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de
\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'98\'c4\{\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 01\'b0\loch\f39 V\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\f39 00\'ff\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\007\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'db\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00
\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\02\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00@V\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00
\\00\\0F\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'e7\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\0\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 7\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\02\\
\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00T\{\\01\\07\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 18\'ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |X\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c8\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'f8\\\loch\f39 5C\}\\018\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00T\{
\\01\\00\\007\\00\\\hich\f39 18\'ee}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \uc1\u144\'90}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af39\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 |X\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c8\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'f8\\\loch\f39 5C\}\\018\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff
\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00@V\{\\01\\0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 0\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 007\\\hich\f39 00\'ac\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 008\\00\\00\\
00K\\00\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\10Walzer 1983 #760\\00\\10\\00 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 M. WALZER }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (New York: Basic, 1983)}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid13510645 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 QUOTE "Miller, David, Two ways to think about justice, \'f8\'f8\loch\f39 " }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid13510645 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 002Miller, David, Two ways to think about justice, \'f8\'f8\\\loch\f39 01\\04\\00
\\0D\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00@\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00
\\00\\00\\02\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 0F\}\\01\\18jz\\\hich\f39 01\'f8\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff
\loch\f39 8\\00\\00\\00\\1F\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 0F\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff
\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b8\\\loch\f39 1B\}\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'ac\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'bd\\\loch\f39
11\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokume\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\12Miller 2002 #46430\\01\\02\\00\\06\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00H7\\14\\00\\
14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_\'f8\loch\f39 lU\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid13510645 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ILLER (2002)}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 .}}}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid10835065 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 It may turn out that such empirical claims about actual variation in legal or social norms cannot be justified, because they }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid7299172 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 rest on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid10835065 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 no}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid7299172 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 rmative or empirical principles or claims that cannot withstand criticism in RE.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid10835065 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid13111790
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7299172 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid7299172\charrsid7299172
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3359160 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid7299172 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 At least two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 sorts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid7299172 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 of responses can be made o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n Beitz\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 behalf. One }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 is that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1044\langfenp1044\insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 institutions affect the fundamental content of individuals\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
claims on each other. For instance, those who contribute to producing certain goods, have particularly strong claims to \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
a share of these benefits. Thus, within a political order, citizens may have stronger claims to receive a share of the economic and other benefits of the social practices they jointly enable \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 the \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39
common projects\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 they are part of. Arguably, many such so\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 c\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ial practices and institutions are now of global reach, and thus have implications for cross-border claims on the benefits.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 I submit that this is one reason why legal rules, such a\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
s those that regulate and even constitute domestic and global relations, warrant different normative standards than the rules for interpersonal interaction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\cs43\lang2057\langfe1044\super\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid3359160 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s41\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3359160 \rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Cf. }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39
QUOTE "Pogge, Thomas W., Moral universalism and global economic justice, \'f8\'f8\loch\f39 " }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ADDIN PROCITE
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00DPogge, Thomas W., Moral universalism and global economic justice, \'f8\'f8\\\loch\f39 01\\04\\00\\10\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff\'ff
\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 02\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00U\{\\01\\18jz\\\hich\f39 01
\'f8\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\00\\00.\\0\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 0\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00U\{\\01\\
00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2
\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b8\loch\f39 T\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'ac\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'bc\\\loch\f39 11\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\
5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\11Pogge 200\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 #46420\\01\\02\\00\\05\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00`7\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\
00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_\'f8\loch\f39 lU\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }
}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 POGGE (2002)}}}
\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Joshua Cohen and Sabel, Ch
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 arles 'Extra Rempublicam Nulla Justitia?', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Public Affairs 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (2006): 113-47" }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\00uJoshua Cohen and Sabel, Charles 'Extra Rempublicam Nulla Justitia?', Philosophy and Public Affairs 34 (2006): 113-47\\01\\0B\\00
\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 0C\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'f8\'c3\{\\\loch\f39 01 W\{\\
01`\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\05\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'f8\'c3\{\\\loch\f39 01 W\{\\01`\\00\\00\\008\\00\\
00\\005\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'f8\'c3\{\\\loch\f39 01 W\{\\01`\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\
00 \\\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00V\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'cc\'d8\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 00\'b4\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff
\loch\f39 8\\00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@\'9e\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39
00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00@\'9e\{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\\\loch\f39 12
\\00\\07\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'f0\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\\01\\00\\1D\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'b0\'d7\\\loch\f39 12\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00
\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 00xV\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\
00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00xV\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 00xV\{
\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\00\\00\\06\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00X\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00xV\{\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00`\\00\\01\\00P\\0A\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\
5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\19Cohen & Sabel 2006 #26950\\01\\04\\00\\05\\00\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'e0\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00H7\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\03\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'fc\'f1\\\loch\f39 12\\
\hich\f39 00\'e3\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 w\\05\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00H7\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 0C\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\
\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 \hich\f39 I_\'f8\loch\f39 lU\\01\\01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
J. COHEN and C. SABEL 'Extra Rempublicam Nulla Justitia?', }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Public Affairs 34}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (2006): 113-47}}}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs16\lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe1044\langnp2057\langfenp1044\insrsid3359160
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A second sort of response is that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 is that philosophical \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 and legal - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 human rights can arguably serve several important but very different roles, to help shape and maintain a just state and a just system of states.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\cs43\super\insrsid13111790\charrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\super\insrsid13111790 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s41\ql \fi1\li1\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1\itap0\pararsid13111790 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs43\fs16\super\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 QUOTE "Andreas Follesdal, 'Justice, stability and toleration in a Feder\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ation of Well-ordered Peoples', in Rex Martin and David Reidy (eds) }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Rawls's Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Oxford Blackwell, 2006), 299-317." }
{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \v\fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid9711690 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 ADDIN PROCITE \'ff\\\loch\f39 11\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \\\loch\f39 19\\02\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d3\loch\f39
Andreas Follesdal, 'Justice, stability and toleration in a Federatio\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n of Well-ordered Peoples', in Rex Martin and David Reidy (eds) Rawls's Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? (Oxford Blackwell, 2006), 299-317.\\01\\0B\\00n
\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'de\'c2\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'d8\'c0\{\\\loch\f39 01@\hich\f39 \rquote \{\\\loch\f39 01\\01\\
00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\05\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\'b0\{\\\loch\f39 01\~\hich\f39 \'f7\{\\\loch\f39 01`\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00\\12
\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\'fc\loch\f39 \hich\f39 S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d8\'b0\{\\\loch\f39 01\~\hich\f39 \'f7\{\\\loch\f39 01`\\00\\00\\008\\00\\00\\00+\\\hich\f39 00\'e2\'e0\\00\\00
\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 08\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4
\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00h\hich\f39 \lquote \{\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\007\\00\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'a4\'da\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\
00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\\loch\f39 \hich\f39 07\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w8\\00\\00\\00\\0B\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'d0\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\
\hich\f39 00.\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 w,\\00\\01\\00\\07\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\04\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 |\\00\\007\\00m\\05\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |,\'df\'d0\\00\'f0\\\loch\f39 11\}\\\hich\f39 01$\'ad\'cb\\00
\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'f8\\\loch\f39 0B7\\008\\00\\01\\00\\03\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'c4\'c2\loch\f39 \hich\f39 w\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\\00\\00\\00\\00\'b0\loch\f39 /\{\\01\\00\\007\\\hich\f39 00\'f8\'d9\\\loch\f39 12\\008\\00\\00\\008\\00\\
00\\00\\07\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00S\'d5\\00\\00\\\loch\f39 007\\00\\00\\007\\00,\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\~\hich\f39 \lquote \{\\\loch\f39 01\\02\\00\\00\\008\\00\\01\\00\\01\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'eb\\\loch\f39 06
\hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 \hich\f39 |\'c9\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\007\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ce\'c3\'c2\loch\f39 w\\00\\00\\00\\\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\lquote \\\loch\f39 0F\\00\\00?M:\\5Cpc\\5CDokumenter\\5Cz-keep\\
5Cz-ProCite 5-AF\\5CDatabase\\5CAF-Main-PC5.pdt\\15Follesdal 2006 #40840\\01\\02\\00\\09\\\hich\f39 00\'e0\'e0\\00\\00\\00\'bf\loch\f39 H\\00p8\\14\\00\\14\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\10\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\0C\\00
\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00\'ba\loch\f39 I_\loch\af39\dbch\af13\hich\f39 \'98\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \'c5\\00\\\loch\f39 01\\00\\00\\00\\01\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\00\\\hich\f39 00t\'f2\\\loch\f39 12\\\hich\f39 000\'ac\loch\f39 W\\
\hich\f39 00\'ff\'ff\'ff\'ff\loch\f39 }}{\fldrslt }}\sectd \ltrsect\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar }{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A. FOLLESDAL, 'Justice, stability and toleration in a Federation of Well-ordered Peoples', in R. MARTIN and D. REIDY (eds) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Rawls's Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Oxford Blackwell, 2006), \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 299-317.}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs16\insrsid8287280\charrsid12008070 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 These different roles may well require quite different sets of specific human rights, since they serve as triggers for a wide range of actions by many different actors, ranging from }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid13111790\charrsid15432246 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 compliance with law by individuals to humanitarian armed int\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ervention.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
Indeed, I submit that h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760\charrsid15432246 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 istorically, human rights have served }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
even further roles. They have been regarded }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760\charrsid15432246 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid3625760\charrsid15432246 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ral constraints on governors; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid3625760\charrsid12663944
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760\charrsid15432246 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 conditio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ns for political obligation, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid3625760\charrsid12663944 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
as a trigger for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760\charrsid15432246 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 regicide. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid3625760\charrsid15432246 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 uman rights have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760\charrsid15432246
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 served as conditions for international immun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ity from military intervention, - and as triggers for various }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\insrsid3625760\charrsid8408099 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 non-military}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
foreign policies of a political unit, such as rights-based international assistance policies, or as conditionalities on loans. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Moreover, \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 h}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 uman rights serve additional functions in federal political orders: e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 g. to specify part of the scope of immunity for sub-units to protect their culture from central authorities,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid3625760 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 to protect minorities within a sub-un}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 it from local government abuse. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Thi\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 an exhaustive list of functions, but f}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3625760
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 or each of these functions the substantive human rights requirements might be quite different. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13111790 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 In each case, the triggers labeled \hich\f39
\lquote \loch\f39 human rights\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 should reflect the risks and benefits of various actions, includ\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
ing the likelihood of mistaken assessment of violations and the relative prospects for success compared to alternative policies and mechanisms. These assessments will vary depending on the kinds of actions regulated by these different roles.
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3625760 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang2057\langfe2052\langnp2057\insrsid13111790\charrsid2128312
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 In closing I \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 note another challenge to Beitz\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 account}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12018908
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 which follows from the fact of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 multiple roles of human rights. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12018908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
When we apply the method of RI, we should ask whether this account }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 is sufficiently coherent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12018908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
. If indeed human rights norms play at least nine different r\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 oles, and quite possibly more, we should ask what unites these different roles or functions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3359160
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12018908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Which features make it helpful to call all of these different norms \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 human rights\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
, in a philosophical or legal sense? For instance, does it suffice that any pract\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ice where basic capabilities or vital interests are at stake, for some of its rules to be labeled \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 human rights
\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 ?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3359160 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12018908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Or should that term only be used for the exercise of \hich\f39
\lquote \loch\f39 public\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 power \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 which means that corporations cannot commit human rights violations? A s\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
atisfactory philosophical theory of human rights should have a clear criterion, that is justified \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 and that helps bring order and consistency to our considered judgments.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3359160
\par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc173229999}{\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s1 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\langnp1033\insrsid9251057 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 6.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar
\s1\ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sb240\nowidctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls12\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid12018908 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\b\fs32\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af40\hich\af40\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9251057 \hich\af40\dbch\af13\loch\f40 Conclusions
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12018908 {\*\bkmkend _Toc173229999}\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 This chapter has sought to explain and illu
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 strate the philosophical research method of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9251057 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 Reflective Equilibrium\hich\f39 \rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid12018908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 . We first considered two different philosophical accounts of how to best conceive of the relationship between philosophical human rights and legal rights. They offered two different sort
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9251057 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 reasons to value institutions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12018908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 that promote human rights. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15994594 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Amartya }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9251057 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Sen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12018908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\f39
\endash \loch\f39 at least in the article considered here -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9251057 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
regards institutions primarily as instruments to carry out the independently justified philosophical human rights obligations we have agai\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 nst each other. Charles Beitz, on the other hand, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid12018908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 holds the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9251057 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
view that philosophical human rights primarily should be seen as standards to be applied to particular international institutions or practices, namely as criteria for various forms of inter-state \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 intervention. }{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5052908
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 This chapter then laid out some aspects of the philosophical research method of Reflective Equilibrium, and used this method to explore some of the strengths and weaknesses of the two accounts. Some issues must be }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15994594 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 resolved in order to achie\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ve a more satis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5052908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
factory reflective equilibrium. We need a theory that helps explain why human rights norms are taken to be universal and overriding \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39
or that offers good reasons to modify these considered judgments about human rights. I have suggested where\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 each of these theories must be further elaborated in order to provide such accounts. Amartya Sen\hich\f39 \rquote
\loch\f39 s theory must include further arguments for believing that human rights norms are overriding \hich\f39 \endash \loch\f39 or explain why the best account of human rights requires us to\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
modify this belief. Charles Beitz\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39
theory must offer some account of whether human rights should continue to be used to regulate a wide variety of institutionalized relationships, and if so which roles his theory would endorse. We would want a theory that\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 explains why }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15994594 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 each of these social roles }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5052908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15994594 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 special cases of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5052908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 a more general account of human rights as standards for assessing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid15994594 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 powerful social actors.
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12848997
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5052908 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5052908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
I conclude, then, that these two theories are of great help in bringing our considered judgments regard\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ing human rights toward more coherence and more consistency. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12008070
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Neither of them seem to have arrived at an ideal state of full reflective equilibrium. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5052908 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 t remains to be seen whether they }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12008070 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 are competing accounts, or whether the changes will render them component\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s of a more justified and credible account of human rights.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid5052908\charrsid5052908
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2973593 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 {\*\bkmkstart PCRefList_Methods_HR_Maastricht_rev}{\*\bkmkend PCRefList_Methods_HR_Maastricht_rev}\page
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Bibliography}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4866455
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid743011 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Beitz, Charles R. 2001. \hich\f39 \lquote \loch\f39 Human rights as a common concern.\hich\f39 \rquote \loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
American Political Science Review}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 95, no. 2: 269-8\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 2.
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 G. A. Cohen, 'Equality of What? On Welfare, Goods, and Capabilities', in Martha Nussbaum and Amartya K. Sen, editors (editors), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
The Quality of Life}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 World Institute for Development Economics Research (WIDER) of the United Nations University, (Clarendo\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 n Press, 1993).
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 J. Cohen and C. Sabel, 'Extra Rempublicam Nulla Justitia?', (2006) 34 Philosophy and Public Affairs 113-47
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 N. Daniels, 'Equality of What: Welfare, Resources, or Capabilities?', (1990) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Phenomenological Research}{\rtlch\fcs1
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 I (Supplem\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ent) 20
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Daniels, {\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname City}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname place}}\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Norman{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} "Reflective Equilibrium". Ed Zalta}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid15409689 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 , ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15409689 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid15409689\charrsid15409689
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15409689 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Summer 2003 Edition) }{\field{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15409689
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 HYPERLINK "http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2003/entries/reflective-equilibrium/" }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15409689 {\*\datafield
00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000170000004b00000068007400740070003a002f002f0070006c00610074006f002e007300740061006e0066006f00720064002e006500640075002f00610072006300680069007600650073002f00730075006d0032003000300033002f0065006e007400720069006500
73002f007200650066006c006500630074006900760065002d0065007100750069006c00690062007200690075006d002f000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b9600000068007400740070003a002f002f0070006c00610074006f002e007300740061006e0066006f00720064002e006500640075002f00610072
006300680069007600650073002f00730075006d0032003000300033002f0065006e00740072006900650073002f007200650066006c006500630074006900760065002d0065007100750069006c00690062007200690075006d002f00000000}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\cs33\ul\cf2\insrsid15409689\charrsid3436903 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2003/entries/reflective-equilibrium/}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid7105309\sftnbj\saftnnar {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid15409689 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15409689\charrsid15409689
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid743011 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0
\fs20\lang1033\langfe2052\kerning2\loch\af39\hich\af39\dbch\af13\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp2052 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 N. Daniels, 'Wide Reflective Equilibrium and Theory Acceptance in Ethics', (1979) }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 76 Journal of Philosophy }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 256-82
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 R. Dworkin, 'The Original Position', in Norman Daniels, editor (editor), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Reading Rawls}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Basic Books, 1973).
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A. Follesdal, 'Justice, St\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ability and Toleration in a Federation of Well-Ordered Peoples', in Rex Martin and David Reidy, editors (eds), }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Rawls's Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia?}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Blackwell, 2006).
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 D. Miller, '{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname Street}}{\*\xmlopen\xmlns2{\factoidname address}}\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Two Ways{\*\xmlclose}{\*\xmlclose} to Think About Justice', (2002) 1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Politics, P\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 hilosophy and Economics}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 5-28
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 L. Murphy, 'Institutions and the Demands of Justice', (1999) 27 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Public Affairs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 4 251-91
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 T. W. Pogge, 'Moral Universalism and Global Economic Justice', (2002) 29-58 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Politics, Philosophy and Economics}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39
\par
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10027713 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 J. Rawl\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 s, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A Theory of Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Harvard University Press, 1971)
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A. K. Sen, 'Elements of a Theory of Human Rights', (2004) 32 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Philosophy and Public Affairs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0
\insrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 315-56
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 A. K. Sen, 'Equality of What?', in Amartya K. Sen, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Choice, Welfare and Measurement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (MIT Press, 1980\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 ).
\par
\par \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 M. Walzer, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\insrsid743011\charrsid743011 \hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011
\hich\af39\dbch\af13\loch\f39 (Basic, 1983)
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid743011\charrsid743011
\par
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