Public Debate

@article{RN56466,

title = {Om Harvard og poenget med internasjonal utdanning og forskning},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.khrono.no/om-harvard-og-poenget-med-internasjonal-utdanning-og-forskning/972860},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Khrono},

abstract = {Demografi og geografi spisser kampen om ressurser for sektoren i forhold til andre samfunnsformål, og om ressurser lærestedene seg imellom. ... 

Harvard tilbyr utenlandske Bachelorstudenter behovsprøvd dekning av studieavgift og opphold, på lik linje med studenter fra USA. Det er del av universitetets målsetting om å gjøre god utdanning litt mindre avhengig av irrelevant betalingsevne. 

Mangfoldsinnsatsen (DEI) ved Harvard og andre amerikanske universiteter har mange målsettinger, .. 

 Osvold anbefaler at studenter som vil utenlands kvitter seg med mindreverdighetsfølelsen og isteden blir hjemme for å styrke eget lands forskning, ved universiteter som er like gode. Men de to alternativene er verken konkurrerende eller uttømmende.},

keywords = {Debate, Public policy, Research policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN56577,

title = {Bidrag og medvirkning - om Pensjonsfondets etiske retningslinjer},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://klassekampen.no/artikkel/2025-12-17/bidrag-og-medvirkning 

https://www.follesdal.net/ms/Follesdal-2025-kro-kk-bidrag-medvirkning},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Klassekampen},

abstract = {Her er et forslag til hvordan Etikkrådet – og resten av oss - kan forstå medvirkning på en måte som kanskje er etisk forsvarlig og som SPU og Etikkrådet kanskje kan operasjonalisere og anvende hurtig nok. ... Alle virkningene av det vi gjør teller som våre bidrag – deriblant utilsiktede og indirekte konsekvenser. Vi medvirker bare når vi bidrar til et prosjekt. I vår sammenheng gjelder det altså selskapets prosjekt: å produsere og selge produkter og tjenester for å maksimere avkastning for investorene.},

keywords = {Debate, Public policy, SRI - Socially responsible investing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN56546,

title = {Towards a more successful federation},

author = {Andreas Follesdal and Kåre Vollan},

url = {https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2025/12/07/towards-a-more-successful-federation},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Kathmandu Post},

abstract = {The Gen Z want to end corruption and economic inequality in Nepal, and therefore consider possible reforms of the Constitution and partly of regular legislation. Some want to enforce the federal aspects of Nepal, including decentralised control over the budget and the civil service. Others voice the opposite view, to abolish the provincial structure. The way provinces are constructed may contribute to economic development. But for the federal system to be an even better part of the solution, we suggest allocating more authority to the provinces, strengthening the National Natural Resources and Fiscal Commission and revising the role of political parties.},

keywords = {Debate, Federalism, Nepal, Public policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN56542,

title = {Electoral systems, parties and goverment structure},

author = {Andreas Follesdal and Kåre Vollan},

url = {https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2025/11/27/electoral-systems-parties-and-govt-structure},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Kathmandu Post},

number = {November 27},

abstract = {Policies should be worked out at all geographical levels and among various groups. There are vivid discussions about possible reforms, partly to the Constitution and partly to regular legislation. Many of the proposals are supposed to make governments more stable and fight corruption. These honourable objectives may be better achieved by adjusting some of the following suggestions. The mixed electoral system ... Parties and government structure ... Directly elected executive ...},

keywords = {Debate, Nepal, Service},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN55596,

title = {Subsidiarity and Public Reason: Two Cheers are Quite Enough},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/josp.12607},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Social Philosophy},

volume = {56},

pages = {401-411},

abstract = {A principle of subsidiarity states a rebuttable presumption for more local authority, unless a larger unit better achieves given objectives. Some argue that this principle may bolster ‘public reason’ - public and more stringent justifications of political or legal power, agnostic regarding contested conceptions of the good life. They may be correct that origin is not destiny: the pedigree of subsidiarity in theological traditions is not a decisive objection. A related aspect does restrict the contribution of subsidiarity: it may cloak contested value choices. Subsidiarity gives no guidance without specifying which objectives to pursue and standards of relative effectiveness and efficiency. So important issues are who should have the authority to determine the objectives, and to apply the principle itself. Similar limits also hold for ‘horizontal’ concepts of subsidiarity, which claim to address relations among authorities equally ‘distant’ from the individual. These constraints on the contribution of subsidiarity are visible in two examples in international law: tensions between the two European regional courts: the Court of Justice of the European Union, and the European Court of Human Rights; and how the World Trade Organization should accommodate international human rights obligations.},

keywords = {Publications, Subsidiarity},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN56484,

title = {The Contested Claims of Convention Refugees: Grotius to the Rescue},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

doi = {10.1163/18760759-46010008},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Grotiana},

volume = {46},

abstract = {The 1951 UN Refugee Convention protects a very small set of individuals, namely those who are persecuted by state authorities due to their race, religion or membership of a particular social group. Critics charge that this definition is unduly narrow. Arguments inspired by Grotius on the one hand help explain the special claims of such Convention refugees, and hence fill a gap in recent “state system legitimacy” defenses of the Refugee Convention. The Convention compensates for a normative “construction flaw” of the system of sovereign nation states. Other inhabitants of the Earth and their governments contribute to injury to Convention refugees by leaving them no state free place to go. States’ immunity also allows them to perpetrate such particularly wicked ab-uses of state power, in violation of the rule of law. On the other hand, Grotius’s 

arguments also help us justify a broader interpretation of which “particular social 

groups” to include among the Convention refugees, beyond those whose international human rights are violated.},

keywords = {International law, Public policy, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN55600,

title = {A Democracy - If we can Keep It: Citizenship for nonliberals and terrorists?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

doi = {10.1080/13698230.2025.2512273},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy},

abstract = {Who may enjoy citizenship and hence exercise political rights? Patti Lenard’s Democracy and Exclusion (2023) draws on systematic normative political theory to identify better policies with nuanced, reasoned trade-offs. She argues that democracies currently exclude too many individuals from both territory and citizenship. The present reflections explore two tensions between Lenard’s inclusive policies and the value of maintaining a national culture: How anti-egalitarian and anti-liberal may a candidate for citizenship be, as evidenced by a ‘citizenship knowledge test’? And may a state never revoke citizenship, not even to known dual-national terrorists? Critics may worry that Lenards’ policies give undue priority to inclusion over legitimate concerns to protect a population and the majority’s culture from threats. The topics merit closer attention by Lenard and us fellow travelers, about the rationales and room for liberal cultural nationalism, a ‘shared public culture,’ and calls to avoid ‘implicit’ discrimination.},

note = {Patty's replies at 10.1080/13698230.2025.2512277},

keywords = {Democratic theory, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN56062,

title = {The Revised Draft Agreement on the Accession of the EU to the ECHR: Third Time's a Charm?},

author = {Stian Øby Johansen and Geir UIfstein and Andreas Follesdal and Ramses A. Wessel},

url = {https://www.europeanpapers.eu/en/e-journal/revised-draft-agreement-accession-eu-echr-third-time-charm},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {European Papers},

abstract = {After the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in Opinion 2/135 infamously found that the 2013 Draft Accession Agreement was incompatible with the EU treaties, years of near-silent reflection followed. 

The ten contributions that make up this Special Section of European Papers analyse and assess the revised Draft Accession Agreement (DAA).....},

keywords = {EU - European Union, European Court of Human Rights, International courts, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN55318,

title = {Pensjonsfondet som samfunnskontrakt hinsides hakkebakkeskogen},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

doi = {doi/10.18261/nnt.41.3-4.10},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Nytt norsk tidsskrift},

volume = {41},

number = {3/4},

pages = {309-321},

abstract = {Er Statens Pensjonsfond Utland en ‘samfunnskontrakt’? Uttrykket brukes ofte for å beskrive og vurdere forholdet mellom individene og staten, som en tenkt, forpliktende avtale dem imellom. denne måten å tenke på Pensjonsfondet hjelpe oss å forstå og vurdere hvilke krav vi bør stille til forvaltningen av fondet, og til hvordan staten bør fordele disse midlene. Dette er viktige spørsmål når vi spør oss hvem som bør nyte godt av Pensjonsfondet, og hvilke krav til bærekraft fondet må ivareta. Det har sterke historiske og normative føringer om hva en slik samfunnskontrakt går ut på, og ikke minst: hvem som er part i avtalen. Om vi ser på Pensjonsfondet som en samfunnskontrakt må vi derfor stille store krav til bærekraft, også på vegne av mennesker utenfor Norges grenser. Dagens og morgendagens utlendinger bør være parter i Pensjonsfondets samfunnskontrakt.},

note = {NFFO 2025},

keywords = {Climate, Human Rights, Policy advice, Publications, SRI - Socially responsible investing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN56087,

title = {Von der Leyen's reforms: A cure or catnip for populism?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {https://euobserver.com/opinion/ar85230199},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {EUobserver},

number = {August 2},

abstract = {The protection of Europe’s democracy tops European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen’s to-do list. She promised the European Parliament to enhance democratic legitimacy and proposed policies and even treaty changes. What are we to make of these promises? Promises are risky, especially since an overeager EU may fuel the growth of authoritarian populism. And the Commission cannot promise to reduce its own democratic deficit. ...},

keywords = {Debate, Democratic theory, EU - European Union, Populism, Public policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52180,

title = {In defense of deference: International human rights as standards of review},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

doi = {10.1111/josp.12449},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Social Philosophy},

volume = {54},

number = {4},

pages = {526-547},

abstract = {Member states of the Council of Europe subject themselves to judicial human rights review by the European Court of Human Rights. That Court in turn defers sometimes to the judgments of domestic courts about compliance, granting them a margin of discretion, more so when it sees a European consensus. This complex practice can be justified based on arguments about comparative epistemic expertise, respect for democratic decision making, and the need to avoid undue judicial discretion – juristocracy. While this account supports the general practice, it points to certain weaknesses and areas of improvement: the rules to nominate and elect judges and members of the Registry of the Court, the doctrine of the margin of appreciation, and the rationales for a European consensus.},

keywords = {European Consensus, European Court of Human Rights, Human Rights, Margin of Appreciation, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN55415,

title = {Netto livslønn, ikke brutto årslønn},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.forskerforum.no/netto-livslonn-ikke-brutto-arslonn/},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Forskerforum},

abstract = {En rettferdig lønnsfordeling bør ikke ta utgangspunkt i brutto årslønn, men netto livslønn, skriver Andreas Føllesdal, og spør samtidig om NTL verdsetter utdanning og kompetanse nok i lønnsoppgjørene.},

keywords = {Debate, Research policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN55485,

title = {Philosophically Legal: A conversation with Andreas Føllesdal [Interview]},

author = {Andreas Follesdal and Rita Palacio},

url = {https://hulr.org/fall-2023-1/odyj4uegt4vsv7q9tfzz6qtggd2z9l},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Harvard Undergraduate Law Review},

number = {Fall},

abstract = {Føllesdal and HULR discussed how part of the solution for many contemporary problems lies in weaving through philosophy and law, and learning from other models of government and ways of thinking...},

keywords = {Debate, interview},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN55223,

title = {– Sannhetskriteriet var styrende for oss (intervju)},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.forskningsetikk.no/ressurser/magasinet/2023-2/-sannhetskriteriet-var–styrende-for-oss/},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Forskningsetikk},

keywords = {Debate, interview, Research policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN55246,

title = {Det er mange alternativer til å kalle noen for dårlige forskere og idioter. (intervju)},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://khrono.no/uio-rektor-om-debattkultur-a-kalle-folk-idioter-gir-ingen-mening/795506},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Khrono},

keywords = {Debate, interview, Research policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52113,

title = {A just yet unequal European Union: A defense of moderate economic inequality},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

doi = {10.1080/00346764.2021.1967433},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Review of Social Economy},

volume = {81},

number = {1},

pages = {8-36},

abstract = {What does justice require concerning socio-economic distribution among citizens of the European Union? The EU should reduce cross-national economic inequalities among inhabitants of different member states, but full economic distributive equality or a European ‘Difference Principle,' may not be required. Individuals' claim to more political influence over matters controlled by their own state in the quasi-federal EU may permit some economic inequality. Section 1 orients this contribution relative to arguments for a European universal income. Section 2 provides relevant features of the EU. Section 3 considers contractualist arguments against certain forms of economic inequality, while section 4 identifies a further argument in favour of equal shares of benefits of social cooperation, based on an interpretation of ‘social primary goods' consistent with Rawls' theory. Section 5 argues that these reasons for economic distributive equality must be weighed against more political influence over matters controlled by the individual’s sub-unit.},

keywords = {EU - European Union, Federalism, John Rawls, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN55201,

title = {Introduction to Special Issue in Honor of Geir Ulfstein},

author = {Andreas Follesdal and Morten Ruud and Astrid Kjeldgaard-Pedersen},

doi = {doi:10.1163/15718107-91040001},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Nordic Journal of International Law},

volume = {91},

number = {4},

pages = {541-543},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52662,

title = {Dagens flyktningsituasjon: hva kan vi lære av Nansen?},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Maja Janmyr},

url = {https://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2022/11/dagens-flyktningsituasjon-hva-kan-vi-lere-av-nanse.html},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Uniforum},

abstract = {EU's midlertidige direktiv gjentar Nansenpassets løsning: fri flyt av flyktninger letter presset på nabolandene til Ukraina, og fordeler ansvaret mellom EU-landene...},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52309,

title = {Humaniora som risikosport},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://khrono.no/humaniora-som-risikosport/660350},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Khrono.no},

abstract = {Forskningsrådets rutiner for å vurdere søknader er for ineffektiv og uegnet til å identifisere god kvalitet, særlig i humaniora. ... Det er betenkelig av flere grunner at rekrutteringen av yngre forskere til fag også avhenger av slike usikre finansieringskilder. Institusjonenes strategier bør være mer gjennomtenkte, langsiktige og robuste. Ikke minst fordi mange dyktige yngre vil og bør betakke seg for en så uforutsigbar levevei avhengig av mye midlertidig prosjektfinansiering. Glup ungdom kan finne mange andre mer givende former for risikosport.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52459,

title = {Grunnforskning kan ikke settes på vent},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/i/Pobepp/grunnforskning-kan-ikke-settes-paa-vent},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Aftenposten},

abstract = {https://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/i/Pobepp/grunnforskning-kan-ikke-settes-paa-vent},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN32630,

title = {Federalism},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/federalism/},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},

number = {2022},

keywords = {Federalism, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51709,

title = {Add international courts to The Idea of Human Rights and stir … on Beitz’ The Idea of Human Rights after 10 years},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {www.follesdal.net/ms/Follesdal-2021-ICs-idea-human-rights-CRISSP.pdf 

https://www.routledge.com/The-Idea-of-Human-Rights-Revisited-Charles-Beitz-and-the-Political-Turn/Alvarez-Rosas/p/book/9781032292168},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13698230.2020.1859223},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy},

volume = {25},

number = {1},

pages = {66-86},

abstract = {These reflections elaborates the theory of The Idea of Human Rights by addressing a topic that theory attempts to bracket: international and regional judicialization in the form of international courts and tribunals. Using the method of reflective equilibrium, the article argues that this exclusion is inconsistent. Including these international courts and tribunals (‘ICs’) prompts several changes to the original theory, and opens new research questions. The original theory is on the one hand too narrow regarding both the objectives and tools of international mechanisms of corrective concern. Reprinted 2023 in David Álvarez and João Cardoso Rosas (eds) 

The Idea of Human Rights Revisited: Charles Beitz and the Political Turn in the Philosophy of Human Rights, Routledge},

keywords = {Human Rights, International courts, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52114,

title = {Fulbrightprogrammet fyller 75 år},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Maren Falch Lindberg and Sudan Prasad Neupane and Kjersti Misje Østbakken and Stine Harstad and Feroz Mehmood Shah and Nathalie Holme and Bernt Hagtvet and Petter Næss},

url = {https://khrono.no/fulbrightprogrammet-fyller-75-ar/589628},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Khrono},

abstract = {1.august 2021 var det 75 år siden USAs president Harry Truman, med opphavsmann Senator J. William Fulbright og viseutenriksminister William Benton ved sin side, signerte lovforslaget som etablerte Fulbrightprogrammet, stipendordningen som i årenes løp har støttet utveksling av nærmere 400,000 studenter, forskere, akademikere, pedagoger og kunstnere mellom USA og 160 andre land....Vi og mange med oss deler Fulbrights store visjon for programmet - «to turn nations into people» - og hans overbevisning om at medmenneskelighet og empati ikke kan være et nasjonalt anliggende, men må begynne hos den enkelte...Å reise til et annet land som student eller forsker er et privilegium som ikke alle er forunt, men med Utøya i frisk minne, og med demokratiske verdier på vikende front i flere land, finner vi det betimelig er å trekke frem og minne om nettopp denne enkle sivilasjonsbyggende erkjennelse ved Fulbrightprogrammet; at anstendighet og medmenneskelighet begynner hos den enkelte.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52122,

title = {Vinnarane av UiOs forskningspris 2021},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2021/08/forskingsprisvinnarar-legitimiteten-til-dei-intern.html},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Uniforum},

abstract = {"– Det som er morosamt her, er at me forskar tverrfagleg. Det statsvitarane synest er interessant, det kan vera noko heilt anna enn det juristane eller filosofane synest er interessant. Det seier filosofiprofessor Andreas Føllesdal som saman med jussprofessor Geir Ulfstein er tildelt UiOs forskingspris for 2021...."},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51869,

title = {UiOs nydesigna nettsider skaper sterke kjensler blant tilsette},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2021/03/uios-nydesigna-nettsider-skaper-sterke-kjensler-bl.html},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Uniforum},

abstract = {“.... Det lille jeg hadde av optimisme jeg ga uttrykk for 20. januar var overilet. Det er gledelig at vi omsider slipper sort-hvitt-preget, og får bruke en hamburgermeny: det tok mer enn fire år. Men viktige behov for våre målgrupper forblir udekket. Og det nye regimet har nye problemer. Den store skriftstørrelsen gir websidene på store skjermer et barnebokpreg, krever mer scrolling, og hemmer informasjonsflyten. Dessverre sitter vi brukere uten voice og uten exitmuligheter”},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52142,

title = {Om Universitetet i Oslos forskningspris 2021},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=umAcEANz2jc},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51799,

title = {Om Forskningsrådets skrøpelige søknadsregime: Symptomer, diagnoser og resepter},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2021-Om-NFR-soknadsregime.pdf 

https://khrono.no/om-forskningsradets-skropelige-soknadsregime-symptomer-diagnoser-og-resepter/551105},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Khrono},

abstract = {Khrono har en interessant rekke gode bidrag om problemene med Forskningsrådets søknadsmekanismer, og om mål og strategier for å forbedre dem. Her er ytterlige refleksjoner om symptomer, diagnose og noen resepter... Noen utlysninger Forskningsrådet tilbyr er lotterier som er for irrasjonelle til at fornuftige og dyktige forskere bør kjøpe lodd. Forskningsrådets rutiner skaper negative kvalitetsspiraler. Og Forskningsrådets monopoltendenser hindrer fullstendige analyser og snarlige løsninger.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51949,

title = {Også dyr har krav på rettferdighet},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikk/i/7KWOJ8/ogsaa-dyr-har-krav-paa-rettferdighet},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Aftenposten},

abstract = {Filosofen Martha C. Nussbaum mottar Holbergprisen 9. juni. For Martha Nussbaum gjelder rettferdighet ikke bare mennesker imellom, men også dyr. Hun setter ikke følelser og fornuft opp mot hverandre. Ofte er følelser fornuftige. Et gjennomgangstema hos henne er at et rettferdig styresett for et samfunn og for kloden må beskytte oss alle der vi er sårbare. Slik rettferdighet kan ikke stoppe ved landegrensene. 

For Nussbaum gjelder rettferdighet ikke bare mennesker imellom, men også dyr... 

Men ureflektert medfølelse er ikke nok, for den kan diskriminere og være nærsynt. Derfor er humaniora et viktig grunnlag for demokratiet...},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51762,

title = {Advarer kolleger mot å bruke UiOs web},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2021/01/uenighet-om-uios-nettsider%281%29.html},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Uniforum},

abstract = {... Da PluriCourts-senteret ble opprettet, fikk Føllesdal beskjed fra universitetet om at en nettside utenfor UiOs eget domene var uaktuelt, blant annet for å sikre at innholdet ikke forsvant. Nå kan verdifulle dokumenter bli slettet av universitetet selv, noe han omtaler som «paradoksalt». 

 

- Vi har ikke lov til å holde på utenfor UiO sine websider, og det har vært påfallende dårlig prosess for å få respons fra de ansvarlige på web inntil ganske nylig, sier jussprofessoren. Nå øyner han imidlertid håp....},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52225,

title = {Gender imbalance on the international bench: is normative legitimacy at stake?},

author = {Kristen Hessler and Andreas Follesdal},

doi = {10.1111/josp.12453},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Social Philosophy},

volume = {52},

number = {4},

pages = {430-435},

abstract = {As norms of state sovereignty have evolved in an increasingly globalized world, international courts and tribunals have proliferated and expanded the scope of their authority. Some observers hail these developments as moral progress, representing the ascendancy of the rule of law rather than power politics in international relations. At the same time, the growing number of ICs, and their expanded scope and power, have triggered extensive critiques and political resistance against them. ..However, ICs have received increasing criticism regarding issues of representation among judges....Some recent developments on this issue are hopeful. ..However, a broader perspective reveals that these developments indicate only marginal progress. As of March, 2021 women constitute only 24% of sitting judges on international tribunals, 22% of judges on human rights tribunals, and only 13% of regional court judges....},

keywords = {Gender, Human Rights, International courts, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN52201,

title = {Introducing David Lefkowitz’s Philosophy and International Law},

author = {Andreas Follesdal and Steven Ratner},

url = {https://www.ejiltalk.org/introducing-david-lefkowitzs-philosophy-and-international-law/},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {EJIL:Talk - Blog of the European Journal of International Law},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51659,

title = {Stability and trust in federations with ethnic territories and a secession clause – challenges and opportunities for Ethiopia},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {https://brill.com/view/journals/ijgr/aop/article-10.1163-15718115-bja10031/article-10.1163-15718115-bja10031.xml},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1163/15718115-bja10031},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal on Minority and Group Rights},

abstract = {How might Ethiopia maintain its federal structure within present territorial borders? Most federal states experience ‘constitutional contestation’ navigating between complete centralization and secession. We should expect further such instability in Ethiopia especially due to two factors: regions and political parties follow ethnic line; and a secession clause in the Ethiopian Constitution. 

The article identifies some suggestions for how to increase stability and trust under such circumstances, drawn from tentative international comparisons among ethnic-based federal states. Among the particular concerns are the interests of oppressed minorities and ways to quell calls for secession. ...},

keywords = {Federalism, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50110,

title = {International human rights courts and the (international) rule of law: Part of the solution, part of the problem, or both?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3508603},

doi = {https://www.doi.org/10.1017/S2045381719000364},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Global Constitutionalism},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {118-138},

abstract = {The present article seeks to shed some light on the central relationships between international rule of law norms and international human rights courts, whilst identifying some of the central normative concerns. The aim is partly theoretical, to lay out aspects of how to ‘extend’ or ‘extrapolate’ normative standards such as the rule of law from the domestic setting to international law and organizations; and to explore some modes of interaction between rule of law standards and international courts. The article also draws together relevant empirical findings to shed light on how some of these courts actually work to challenge and bolster rule of law standards. 

Section 1 sketches one way to ‘transpose’ domestic rule of law norms to international law and institutions – in particular, international human rights courts (IHRCs). We then move to consider two relationships between such standards and IHRCs – in particular, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Section 2 considers whether IHRCs themselves live up to such standards, in particular as regard selection of judges to secure both independence and accountability. Do IHRCs promote the rule of law among states as judicial organs in multilevel structures, or are they instruments of domination by strong states? I also consider other forms of bias important for ICs, in particular professional bias of the judges. Section 3 explores whether and how IHRCs may promote the rule of law within states: how they may help reduce domination, without themselves becoming new sources of unchecked discretion. The answers hold at best for the ECtHR, but may vary among IHRCs and among the states over which they have jurisdiction.},

keywords = {European Court of Human Rights, Human Rights, International courts, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51724,

title = {How many women judges are enough on international courts?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {ERRATA: The sentence which reads " The majority of its judges were female— six of 11, and the first among international courts and tribunals (ICs) to secure sex parity— that is, numerical equality.:" 

	should be replaced by 

	"It was only the second international court or tribunal (IC) where the majority of its judges are female— six of 11, and the first among ICs to secure sex parity— that is, numerical equality." 

Footnote 1 should be expanded, to read " —for institutions that standardly have an odd number of members. Six women and five men, http://www.african court.org/en/index.php/news/press-releases/item/245-three-new-judges-elected-to-the-african-court-on-human 

	-and-peoples-rights-vp-justice-ben-kioko-re-elected-for-second-term <http://court.org/en/index.php/news/press-releases/item/245-three-new-judges-elected-to-the-african-court-on-human-and-peoples-rights-vp-justice-ben-kioko-re-elected-for-second-term> . While this court is the first to secure parity, it is the second to have a majority of women: in 2010, the International Criminal Court in 2010 included a majority of 11 women (out of 18 judges) (Chappell 2010). In 2021, the ICC has equal representation of male and female judges (https://www.icc-cpi.int/Publications/JudgesENG.pdf)"},

doi = {10.1111/josp.12399},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Social Philosophy},

volume = {52},

number = {4},

pages = {436-458},

abstract = {NOTE: There are errors in the published text, see below for errata. 

A legitimate international court need not secure numerical sex equality on the bench – complete parity. The article argues that a commitment that institutions should treat all with equal concern requires not only token representation of both prevalent sexes, or a ‘critical mass’ of 15 -25%, but a ‘parity zone’ of 40% of each. Arguments of compassion , epistemic competence; and expressions of status equality favour a high threshold of both the prevalent sexes, and further requirements to ensure a broad range of backgrounds and perspectives among the international judges . The aim is to explore what these arguments require regarding the proportion of men and women on the international bench. The strongest of these arguments withstand criticisms that they ‘essentialize’ gender, or assume that elitist female international judges can represent all other women, or lead to a slippery slope where ICs must also ‘mirror’ a myriad of characteristics of the affected populations and constituencies 

. 

The many reasons to lament various unjust forms and levels of inequalities counsel different, only partly overlapping objectives. The composition and workings of ICs must satisfy the norms of impartiality independence and procedural fairness, especially because the ICs are tasked to uphold these very norms. The arguments support a parity zone, and several of the arguments entail that more judges - regardless of their own sex and gender – should be ‘gender sensitive,’ and that there should be further requirements to ensure more diversity of perspectives among the international judges. But there are no strong arguments for complete equal proportions of men and women - ‘sex parity’ - on the international bench. 

– 

ERRATA: 

The sentence which reads "The majority of its judges were female— six of 11, and the first among international courts and tribunals (ICs) to secure sex parity— that is, numerical equality.:" 

	should be replaced by 

"It was only the second international court or tribunal (IC) where the majority of its judges are female— six of 11, and the first among ICs to secure sex parity— that is, numerical equality." 

Footnote 1 should be expanded, to read " —for institutions that standardly have an odd number of members. Six women and five men, http://www.african court.org/en/index.php/news/press-releases/item/245-three-new-judges-elected-to-the-african-court-on-human 

	-and-peoples-rights-vp-justice-ben-kioko-re-elected-for-second-term <http://court.org/en/index.php/news/press-releases/item/245-three-new-judges-elected-to-the-african-court-on-human-and-peoples-rights-vp-justice-ben-kioko-re-elected-for-second-term> . While this court is the first to secure parity, it is the second to have a majority of women: in 2010, the International Criminal Court in 2010 included a majority of 11 women (out of 18 judges) (Chappell 2010). In 2021, the ICC has equal representation of male and female judges (https://www.icc-cpi.int/Publications/JudgesENG.pdf)"},

keywords = {Gender, International courts, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51557,

title = {Uviten om åpent landskap},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2020-uviten-om-aapent-landskap.pdf},

doi = {https://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/i/Qo0qeV/kort-sagt-mandag-24-februar},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Aftenposten - 'Kort sagt'},

abstract = {Redaktør Nina Kristiansen kritiserer forskerprotestene mot kontorlandskap for å mangle belegg. Kristiansens kritikk er uetterrettelig... 

Kristiansen trenger mer arbeidsro for å finne reelle eksempler på Uviten, for å lese litteratur, og for å formidle mindre tendensiøst. Jeg anbefaler et cellekontor. 

Artikkelen til GST er verd å lese grundig, av Statsbygg, av universitetenes eiendomsdirektører, og av Kristiansen.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51634,

title = {Om rektor Stølens kommentar om eiendomsavdelingen},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2020-svar-rektor.pdf},

doi = {https://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2020/06/om-stolens-kommentar-om-eiendomsavdelingen.html},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Uniforum},

abstract = {Stølens kommentarer gjelder noe annet enn mitt anliggende. Mine spørsmål gjelder hvorfor ‘vår egen’ eiendomsavdeling avviste våre begrunnelser for færre ansatte i hvert kontorlandskap. ..Stølens bemerkninger gjelder bruken av åpne landskap ved universitetet i det hele tatt. Mine spørsmål om EAs rolle, selvforståelse og manglende lydhørhet for ansattes behov forblir ubesvart.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51578,

title = {Ingen ERC-milliarder til Norge? Før vi stiller diagnoser og lager resepter...},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://khrono.no/ingen-erc-milliarder-til-norge-for-vi-stiller-diagnoser-og-lager-resepter/476517},

doi = {www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2020-ercadvgrants-norge.pdf},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Khrono.no},

volume = {1. april},

abstract = {Vi kan applaudere Stølens og Røttingens ønsker om å tenke nytt om tiltak og strategier. Men reseptene må bygge på gode diagnoser, som igjen krever etterrettelig oversikt over symptomene. Vi vet for lite om hvor dårlig det står til, og det er for lave tall til god statistisk analyse..},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51630,

title = {En seier for eiendomsavdelingen – og kanskje for UiO?},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2020-eiendomsavdelingen-uio.pdf},

doi = {https://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2020/05/en-seier-for-eiendomsavdelingen---og--kanskje-for-.html},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Uniforum.uio.no},

abstract = {Statsbygg tapte slaget om å forvalte eiendommene ved de fleste selvforvaltende lærestedene. Gratulerer til eiendomsavdelingene.. Seierherrene har vist at de kan - om de vil. Nå er utfordringen for EA og UiOs ledelse å gjøre virkeligheten litt mer som vyene i Multiconsult-rapporten. EA må bli mer lydhøre for ansattes behov. UiOs styre må på banen, for UiOs ledelse ser ikke ut til å forstå hva som er på spill. Det haster.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51660,

title = {The European Convention on Human Rights and other parts of international law},

author = {Geir Ulfstein and Morten Ruud and Andreas Follesdal},

doi = {10.1080/13642987.2020.1810477},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {International Journal on Human Rights},

volume = {24},

number = {7},

pages = {913-16},

abstract = {The relationship between the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and other parts of international law has been the subject of increasing debate, following several recent judgments by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Indeed, the Council of Europe Steering Committee for Human Rights (CDDH) report on The Longer-term Future of the System of the European Convention on Human Rights of 11 December 2015 identified the ‘place of the of the Convention mechanisms in the European and international legal order” as one of the four areas to be decisive for the effectiveness and viability of the Convention system.},

keywords = {European Court of Human Rights, Human Rights},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51506,

title = {Survey Article: The Legitimacy of International Courts},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

doi = {10.1111/jopp.12213},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Political Philosophy},

volume = {28},

number = {4},

pages = {475-499},

abstract = {States are free, yet everywhere live under international courts and tribunals (ICs). As they proliferate and gain power across ever more domains, ICs become targets of resistance and criticism that they are illegitimate authorities. What reasons might a state have to defer to an IC’s judgment or interpretation, even when the state regards it as mistaken, and even when it conflicts with the interests and objectives of government? Section I sketches the multiple tasks of ICs, in complex interdependence with other actors. Their core task is to adjudicate disputes through interpretation and application of international law by legal methods. This may also contribute indirectly to a range of further tasks. Section II addresses some aspects of the relation between normative legitimacy of ICs and descriptive legitimacy - actors’ beliefs therein. Section III shows how a wide range of legitimacy challenges concern ways ICs fail to carry out their tasks. This account does not seek to provide substantive arguments or seek to show that all such criticisms are correct. The aims are rather to make many such criticisms comprehensible as legitimacy concerns, to provide a rationale for popular taxonomies of legitimacy criticisms, and to indicate which premises and arguments are required for such criticisms to be sound.},

keywords = {International courts, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51449,

title = {Challenges to the legitimacy of the European Union: When and how are European courts also part of the solution?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {xx},

abstract = {The legitimacy deficits of the European Union has long been a rallying cry for ‘Eurosceptics’ of various kinds. Section I considers how we are to think about the ‘legitimacy challenges’ of the EU, by bringing to bear Joseph Raz’ service conception. This approach explores ways to reconceptualize and rethink the notion of legitimacy in the EU, characterized as a multilevel legal order whose task is to serve its citizens and others on this globe. This frame may help move the discussion forward, identify more precisely some of the current weaknesses of the EU and what might alleviate them. Section II uses this account to identify some of the legitimacy challenges of the EU, several due to its federal elements. The EU is trusted to promote multiple objectives within various constraints. The federal features of the EU has implications for the appropriate substantive standards of economic solidarity and ‘social cohesion’ across states and regions. The possibilities of secession affects the bargains about tasks, burden sharing, and the willingness to pay some short term costs for the sake of longer term benefits – precisely some of the task political authority is often set up to help resolve. And the EU is an asymmetric legal order: consider the Eurozone, Schengen-Europe, and so forth. One implication is that different states and citizens will correctly hold different views about the appropriate task of the shared institutions, reflecting deep and correct disagreement about what the federation is for. Section III considers how the European courts may alleviate some but not all these challenges.},

keywords = {Federalism},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51440,

title = {Hva kan barnevernet lære av dommen i menneskerettighetsdomstolen?},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2019-Ulfstein-Strand-Lobben.pdf 

https://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/i/qLX3rO/Hva-kan-barnevernet-lare-av-dommen-i-menneskerettighetsdomstolen--Andreas-Follesdal-og-Geir-Ulfstein},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Aftenposten},

abstract = {Norge ble sist uke dømt av et solid flertall i Den europeiske menneskerettighetsdomstolens (EMD) storkammer. Saken gjaldt omsorgsovertagelse og siden tvangsadopsjon av et barn.... Barnevernet og domstolene må både i sin praksis og sine begrunnelser vise at den primære målsettingen er å gjenforene barnet med den biologiske familien. Bare dersom dette ikke kan skje uten at det går på bekostning av barnet, bør alternativer komme på tale. ...},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51411,

title = {En konstruktiv USA-kritiker og programmet han skapte},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Petter Næss},

url = {https://khrono.no/fulbright-internasjonalisering-utveksling/en-konstruktiv-usa-kritiker-og-programmet-han-skapte/285565},

doi = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2019-Naess-Fulbright-70.pdf},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Khrono},

abstract = {I disse dager er det 70 år siden utenriksminister Hallvard Lange og den amerikanske ambassaderåden i Norge Henry Villard signerte avtalen som etablerte det norske Fulbrightprogrammet. Siden den gang har nesten 3700 nordmenn reist med Fulbrightstipend til amerikanske universiteter, og 1550 amerikanere hatt tilsvarende opphold i Norge.... I dag finnes utfordringer som gjør Fulbrightprogrammet mer relevant enn noen gang....},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51388,

title = {uio.no - bare så enhetlig som nødvendig og for øvrig mangfold},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2019-web-regime.pdf},

doi = {www.uniforum.uio.no/leserbrev/2019/uio-no--bare-sa-enhetlig-som-nodvendig-og-for-ovri.html},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {uniforum.uio.no},

abstract = {Flott at UiO nå arbeider med å forbedre nettstedet sitt. Her er noen spørsmål og råd på veien....},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51488,

title = {Misnøye i Domus Juridica},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2019/12/misnoye-i-domus-juridica.html},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Uniforum},

abstract = {... Mot kontorlandskap: Det er viktigere å organisere senterets arbeidsplasser ut ifra de ansattes ulike behov og arbeidsoppgaver enn å samle så mange arbeidsplasser som mulig i ett rom, ... Lydgjennomgang er et problem, og persiennene gjør kontoret til et mørkt bur. Automatisk lysstyring forstyrrer.....},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51485,

title = {Færre med stor tiltro til domstolene - hva så?},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

doi = {https://www.domstol.no/nyheter/tiltro/},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {https://www.domstol.no/nyheter/tiltro/},

abstract = {- I Norge bidrar åpne skattelister og universelle velferdsgoder til å redusere mistanker om at mange er gratispassasjerer. Men også domstolene er viktige i en kompleks legitimitetsøkonomi. Uavhengig og pålitelig rettsvesen og media kan avklare om samfunnsordningene er rettmessige og rettferdige, og om reglene blir overholdt. Som uavhengige og troverdige voktere kan de oppdage og hindre regelbrytere, og avklare for oss om andre institusjoner er troverdige: om Stortinget, regjering og forvaltning er kompetente, ærlige og iherdige – og dermed fortjener vår oppslutning og lovlydighet. Slik kan domstolene være demokratiets støttehjul.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50945,

title = {The European Research Council @ 10: Whither hopes and fears?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057%2Fs41304-018-0164-9.pdf},

doi = {10.1057/s41304-018-0164-9},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {European Political Science},

volume = {18},

number = {2},

pages = {237-247},

abstract = {While ten years is too early to draw broad conclusions, the European Research Council does seem to have succeeded in promoting excellent and basic research in Europe, both through its own projects and by affecting standards and aspirations more broadly. It has affected widely shared conceptions of scholarly excellence and introduced new measures of academic esteem with more attention to rigorous peer review – also in the social sciences and the humanities. One concern is that the portability of grants may have fueled the clustering of research talent and reputation toward some institutions and some states, away from others. The benefits of the ERC in promoting research quality across Europe in the longer term may be at risk unless some parties take steps to correct the imbalance.},

keywords = {ERC - European Research Council, Publications, Research policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50944,

title = {The European Research Council @ 10: What has it done to us?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057%2Fs41304-018-0163-x.pdf},

doi = {10.1057/s41304-018-0163-x},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {European Political Science},

volume = {18},

number = {2},

pages = {234-36},

keywords = {ERC - European Research Council, Publications, Research policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50950,

title = {Rotevatns utelatelser},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2018-Ulfstein-svar-Rotevatn-kk.pdf},

doi = {https://dagens.klassekampen.no/2018-03-02/debatt-rotevatns-utelatelser},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Klassekampen},

number = {2. mars},

pages = {22},

abstract = {Rotevatn unnlater å nevne at Norge ikke har vært kritisk til det danske forslaget om at EMD bare skal kunne overprøve nasjonale beslutninger i asyl- og immigrasjonssaker i «de mest eksepsjonelle» tilfellene. Dette ville, som vi har påpekt, i stor grad frata en meget utsatt gruppe den påkrevde internasjonale overvåkningen. Mener Rotevatn at dette er i orden? ... det er misvisende når Rotevatn hevder at utkastet til erklæring ikke vil føre til en ny fordeling av ansvar. ... Det hadde ... vært all grunn til å forvente at Justisdepartementet offentliggjorde hva Norge mener – og aktivt gjorde Stortinget, partier og den bredere offentligheten kjent med dette.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50960,

title = {Om vi skrev menneskerettighetene i dag},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {https://radio.nrk.no/serie/studio-2-p2/MKRV20005018/12-03-2018#t=57m7s},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Studio 2 - P2},

abstract = {...Dersom vi skulle skrive menneskerettighetene på nytt nå – hvordan ville de sett ut?...},

keywords = {Debate, Human Rights},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50959,

title = {... og forøvrig bør EMD nedlegges?},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {http:www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2018-Ulfstein-Andersen-nedlegg-emd-kk.pdf},

doi = {https://dagens.klassekampen.no/2018-03-09/debatt-og-for-ovrig-bor-emd-nedlegges},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Klassekampen},

abstract = {Professor Mads Bryde Andersen forsvarer utkastet til København-erklæring om den europeiske menneskerettighetsdomstol (EMD)... Men han ser ut til å mene at EMD bør nedlegges: Den pirker unødig på ‘snille’ land som Danmark som ikke trenger den, og den har ingen virkning i ‘slemme’ land uansett. Vi er uenige på begge punkter. København-erklæringen burde isteden svare på EMDs hovedutfordringer: Enkelte stater er ansvarlige for omfattende brudd på sentrale menneskerettigheter, og populistiske bevegelser angriper demokratiet og rettsstatsprinsipper, nasjonalt og internasjonalt.},

keywords = {Debate, Human Rights},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51009,

title = {Københavnerklæringen - opp som en løve...},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {https://morgenbladet.no/ideer/2018/04/kobenhavnerklaeringen-opp-som-en-love},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Morgenbladet},

abstract = {Ministrene i Europarådet vedtok 'Københavnerklæringen’ om reform av det europeiske menneskerettighetsregimet fredag 13. april. Danskene ønsket å begrense den europeiske menneskerettighetsdomstolens (EMD) kontroll med statene, særlig når det gjaldt asylsaker. Men danskene fikk ikke med seg andre stater – snarere tvert imot. Debatten og hva ministrene valgte bort fra danskenes opprinnelige utkast kan lære oss noe både om menneskerettighetsutfordringene og nasjonalstatene i Europa. Det er uenighet om symptomer, diagnoser og resepter.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50948,

title = {Autoritære stater, gled dere!},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {https://dagens.klassekampen.no/2018-02-27/autoritaere-stater-gled-dere},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Klassekampen},

number = {27. februar},

abstract = {Det danske formannskapet i Europarådet vil reformere den europeiske menneskerettighetsdomstolen (EMD). Forslagene lyder uskyldige: mer delt ansvar og en bedre dialog mellom domstolen og statene. Men i realiteten ønsker den danske regjering å begrense domstolens overvåking, og øke regjeringenes politiske kontroll, særlig over saker knyttet til asyl og immigrasjon....},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51195,

title = {Ja til moderat Plan S for åpen tilgang},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {http://www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2018-et-al-plan-s.pdf 

https://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/i/rL7EG3/Ja-til-moderat-plan-for-apen-tilgang-til-forskningsresultater--27-forskningsledere},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Aftenposten},

number = {16. november},

abstract = {Norsk Forskningsråd og andre europeiske forskningsråd vil endevende modellen for vitenskapelig publisering ved å tvinge gjennom «åpen tilgang» for vitenskapelige arbeider. Tanken er god men gjennomføringen dårlig. Vi foreslår en liten endring som vil fikse svakhetene ved planen. Publisering av forfatterversjon i et åpent tilgjengelig arkiv bør godtas som åpen tilgang. Vårt forslag har to store fortrinn. For det første vil denne moderate versjonen av Plan S faktisk kunne realiseres innen 2020, som er det ambisiøse målet man har satt seg. Uten den endringen vi foreslår, kan overgangen ta betydelig lengre tid og gi stor usikkerhet for forskere.},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51007,

title = {- Dette er en demonstrasjon som utfordrer hele samfunnet},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {https://www.fosna-folket.no/pluss/2018/04/17/Dette-er-en-lokal-demonstrasjon-som-utfordrer-hele-samfunnet-16498554.ece},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Fosna-folket.no},

abstract = {...Når vindkraftutbyggingen som møter motstand fra samer som urfolk utfordrer det oss som nordmenn i hele riket. ...},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50938,

title = {The Draft Copenhagen Declaration: Whose Responsibility and Dialogue?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-draft-copenhagen-declaration-whose-responsibility-and-dialogue/},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {EJIL talk},

abstract = {The Danish Chairmanship of the Council of Europe has proposed a new installation to the reform saga of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Their recipes sound innocuous: no one can be against ‘sharing responsibility’ for human rights protection, or for improved ‘dialogue’ between the Court and states. 

Many fear that in the Danish details, sovereignty will trump human rights protection. Broader trends and issues in the shadows of subsidiarity merit further attention, lest shared responsibility morphs into no one’s responsibility, and the discursive dialogue turns Melian, allowing state executives to do as they can and leave the Court to judge as it must....},

keywords = {Debate, European Court of Human Rights, Human Rights},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50996,

title = {Copenhagen - much ado about little?},

author = {Andreas Follesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {https://www.ejiltalk.org/copenhagen-much-ado-about-little/},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {EJIL talk},

number = {April 14, 2018},

abstract = {The Ministers of the Council of Europe adopted the ‘Copenhagen Declaration’ Friday April 13 concerning the perpetual reform of the European Human Rights System. ... On the face of it not much is new in the Declaration. It is still interesting, not least for what the Ministers agreed not to include from the draft circulated by the hosts April 5. The Danish draft urged states to reign in the Court by a dramatic extension of the ‘margin of appreciation,’ and by more control through political ‘dialogue.’ The robust rejection of these proposals also show us how the Court is independent yet accountable, to states committed both to protect human rights in Europe, and to complex conceptions of sovereignty and subsidiarity.},

keywords = {Debate, Human Rights, Margin of Appreciation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51105,

title = {More than meets the eye - and less: On The Internationalists},

author = {Andreas Follesdal},

url = {www.follesdal.net/ms/Follesdal-2018-internationalists.pdf},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045381718000187},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Global Constitutionalism},

volume = {7},

number = {3},

pages = {330-341},

abstract = {Review of O Hathaway and S Shapiro The Internationalists (2017). These comments explore further some game theoretical themes, of how outlawing of war led to profound changes in international relations even when the norm was breached. The Peace Pact arguably contributed to avoid war by creating institutions – such as international courts – that helped stabilize an assurance game among states by providing trustworthy information and commitments, in turn influencing practices and beliefs concerning mutual non-aggression. 

Second, the authors at times claim that the Peace Pact was not only a cause of, but the cause of the massive shift in reduced warfare. Further arguments would be required to substantiate that this treaty not only was a necessary condition, but the trigger that ‘began a cascade’ (xv). Other factors might also have been necessary, and equally deserving of the label ‘triggers,’ – such as increased global interdependence, or democratization. The authors might best modify their claim. 

Third, the authors claim not only to present a historical account, but also to draw lessons for the future. At a time when international norms and institutions are under severe pressure, such lessons are very welcome. However, there are reasons to be less optimistic than the authors about the extent of lessons we can draw from The Internationalists about how to preserve and improve on the New World Order of the Pact, rather than backsliding into the Old World Order.},

keywords = {International courts, Publications},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN51794,

title = {Humanistisk forskning for et samfunn i forandring},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {http://www.idunn.no/nnt/2017/01/humanistisk_forskning_for_et_samfunn_iforandring},

doi = {10.18261/issn.1504-3053-2017-01-05 ER},

issn = {0800-336x},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Nytt Norsk Tidsskrift},

volume = {34},

number = {1},

pages = {51-57},

abstract = {Dagens forskningspolitikk er ikke tilpasset humanioras særegne utfordringer. Hvis myndighetene ønsker å opprettholde humanioras samfunnsoppdrag, må rammevilkårene også håndtere disse utfordringene....},

keywords = {Research policy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50785,

title = {Utfordre for å forbedre, eller for å rive ned?},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {www.follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2017-Ulfstein-utfordre-mr-kk.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Klassekampen},

abstract = {Hvordan bør norske og andre lands myndigheter forholde seg til de internasjonale menneskerettighetene de er uenige i? 

Partiene bør avklare om de vil foreslå endringer som kan undergrave den skjøre oppslutningen om menneskerettighetene i Norge og i resten av Europa? Og er det en beklagelig ulempe for å oppnå viktige mål for Norge - i såfall hvilke? Eller er det partier som mener at slike internasjonale ordninger ikke virker, eller at menneskerettighetsvern i resten av Europa eller i verden ikke er noe vi skal ha noe ansvar for?},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50758,

title = {Truer menneskerettighetene demokratiet?},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {follesdal.net/doc/Follesdal-2017-Ulfstein-EMD-inflasjon.pdf},

doi = {https://www.dn.no/meninger/2017/07/12/2047/Innlegg/truer-menneskerettighetene-demokratiet},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Dagens næringsliv},

abstract = {Den europeiske menneskerettighetsdomstolen skaper ikke inflasjon av menneskerettigheter. Professor Ole Gjems-Onstads kritikk av menneskerettighetsdomstolen er dels skivebom, dels for sneversynt, og dels tuftet på et for magert demokratiideal...},

keywords = {Debate, Human Rights},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50850,

title = {Islamske stater har også godtatt at menneskerettighetene er universelle},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal and Geir Ulfstein},

url = {https://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/i/BJJ6mQ/Kort-sagt_-onsdag-29-november},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Aftenposten - kort sagt},

number = {29. november},

keywords = {Debate, Human Rights},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{RN50834,

title = {Universitetet i Oslo og tankesmier},

author = {Andreas Føllesdal},

url = {http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2017/11/hoyrepopulisme-i-aulaen.html},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Uniforum},

keywords = {Debate},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}